Long-term nondestructive
monitoring of cells is of significant
importance for understanding cell proliferation, cell signaling, cell
death, and other processes. However, traditional monitoring methods
are limited to a certain range of testing conditions and may reduce
cell viability. Here, we present a microgap, multishot electroporation
(M2E) system for monitoring cell recovery for up
to ∼2 h using ∼5 V pulses and with excellent cell viability
using a medium cell population. Electric field simulations reveal
the bias-voltage- and gap-size-dependent electric field intensities
in the M2E system. In addition to excellent transparency with low
cell toxicity, the M2E system does not require specialized components,
expensive materials, complicated fabrication processes, or cell manipulations;
it just consists of a micrometer-sized pattern and a low-voltage square-wave
generator. Ultimately, the M2E system can offer a long-term and nontoxic
method of cell monitoring.
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