Introduction:Tonsillectomy is a frequently used, low-risk surgical procedure. The post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage occurs rarely, but is a life-threatening complication. Some studies show that the surgical technique affects the haemorrhage rate.Aims:To analyse the post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage rate, and to determine whether the effect of the surgical technique on the haemorrhage rate exists.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed data of all patients who underwent a tonsillectomy in three regional ENT departments in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Tuzla, Zenica and Bihac) between January 1st 2015 and October 31st 2016. Disorders which could affect the post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage rate were excluded. Tonsillectomy techniques used in these three centers were the hot technique (monopolar/bipolar forceps dissection and haemostasis) and the combined technique (cold steel dissection with monopolar/bipolar forceps haemostasis).Results:1087 patients that underwent a tonsillectomy were analysed in this study. 864 (79.48%) of those were children. 922 (84.82%) patients were operated using the combined technique, 165 (15.17%) underwent a tonsillectomy using the hot technique. Post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage occured in 46 (4.23%) patients. 45 (4.88%) patients had a postoperative haemorrhage after tonsillectomy using the combined technique, whereas haemorrhage occured in 1 patient (0.6%) after using the hot technique. The haemorrhage rate was about eight times lower after tonsillectomy using the hot technique (p=0.012).Conclusion:We conclude that the surgical technique used for tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy with the lowest post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage rate is the hot technique; these results are statistically significant. This technique should be used whenever possible, in order to lower the risk of post-tonsillectomy haemorrhage.

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<p><strong>Aim<br /></strong> To identify risk factors for hearing impairment presented in neonates born in Cantonal Hospital Zenica (CHZ) and to estimate their influence on outcome of hearing tests in Newborn Hearing Screening (NHS). <br /><strong>Methods<br /></strong> Retrospective-prospective study was done at the Department of Gynaecology and Maternity. The NHS was performed with transitory evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) during a six-month period using "Titan" device (Interacoustics, Denmark). The questionnaire was written for the purpose of getting more structured basic information about every newborn and to identify risk factors for hearing impairment. Chi-square test was used to investigate the difference between experimental and control group refer incidence. <br /><strong>Results<br /></strong> A total of 1217 newborns was screened for hearing impairment of which 259 (21.28%) with one or more known risk factors for hearing impairment. The following risk factors for hearing impairment were identified during the study period: family history of permanent childhood hearing impairment in 42 (3.45%) newborns, prematurity in 39 (3.21%), low APGAR scores in 29 (2.40%), asphyxia in 31 (2.55%), hyperbilirubinemia in 41 (3.37%), admission of ototoxic medication (aminoglycosides) after birth in 155 (12.74%). <br /><strong>Conclusion <br /></strong>There were many serious risk factors for hearing loss identified in this study. Identification of risk factors for hearing impairment in neonates is necessary because a follow up of the children with risk factors is very important.</p>

To determine frequency and type of thyroid cancer (TC) as well as gender and age distribution of patients operated at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT), Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

<p><strong>Aim<br /></strong> To investigate outcomes of newborn hearing screening (NHS) with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) depending on the time from the birth to hearing screening. <br /><strong>Methods<br /></strong> A prospective study was performed in the Cantonal Hospital Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The NHS with TEOAE was done before hospital discharge for all infants. The total of 1217 newborns were tested during a six-month period, from 1 st February to 31 st July 2016. The data of 1167 were available for analysis. Those data were divided in four groups depending on the time passed from the birth to hearing screening: Group A (n = 133 newborns, NHS performed in the first 24 hours after birth); group B (n = 294 newborns, NHS performed between 24-36h after birth); group C (n = 184 newborns, NHS performed between 36-48h after birth) and group D (n= 556 newborns, NHS performed later than 48h after birth). <br /><strong>Results<br /></strong> Total referral rate was 19.1% (n = 223): for group A 30.1% (n=40), for group B 25.2% (n=74), for group C 19.0% (n=35) and for group D 13.3% (n=74). There was statistically significant difference between groups A and C (p=0.03), between groups A and D (p<0.001) and between groups B and D (p<0.001) in total and in well baby nursery (WBN). <br /><strong>Conclusion<br /></strong> The total referral rates in NHS were high because of early post birth discharge of newborns. The NHS should be performed in infants older than 36 hours according to the results in this study.</p>