Green tea () is a popular beverage worldwide, raising concern for adverse interactions when co-consumed with conventional drugs. Like many botanical natural products, green tea contains numerous polyphenolic constituents that undergo extensive glucuronidation. As such, the UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs), particularly intestinal UGTs, represent potential first-pass targets for green tea-drug interactions. Candidate intestinal UGT inhibitors were identified using a biochemometrics approach, which combines bioassay and chemometric data. Extracts and fractions prepared from four widely consumed teas were screened (20-180 g/ml) as inhibitors of UGT activity (4-methylumbelliferone glucuronidation) in human intestinal microsomes; all demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition. A biochemometrics-identified fraction rich in UGT inhibitors from a representative tea was purified further and subjected to second-stage biochemometric analysis. Five catechins were identified as major constituents in the bioactive subfractions and prioritized for further evaluation. Of these catechins, (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate showed concentration-dependent inhibition, with IC values (105 and 59 M, respectively) near or below concentrations measured in a cup (240 ml) of tea (66 and 240M, respectively). Using the clinical intestinal UGT substrate raloxifene, the values were ∼1.0 and 2.0M, respectively. Using estimated intestinal lumen and enterocyte inhibitor concentrations, a mechanistic static model predicted green tea to increase the raloxifene plasma area under the curve up to 6.1- and 1.3-fold, respectively. Application of this novel approach, which combines biochemometrics with in vitro-in vivo extrapolation, to other natural product-drug combinations will refine these procedures, informing the need for further evaluation via dynamic modeling and clinical testing.

This study deals with the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Vitex agnus castus L. The main constituents of the essential oils were characterized by GC-MS which resulted in the identification of 26 components, representing 100 % of the oil. The dominant compounds in the oil of fruits were trans-caryophyllene (19.17 %), sabinene (18.05 %) and 1,8-cineole (16.13 %), α-terpinyl acetate (6.91 %) and dihydroselarene (6.73 %). Antimicrobial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method. According to the inhibition zones, the essential oils were active against all of the tested microorganisms. The essential oils showed the susceptible inhibition zones, but they were less effective against bacterial strains compared to ampicillin and ofloxacin. The organisms most susceptible to these essential oils were Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. However, further studies must be performed to confirm the safety of these oils for use as an antimicrobial agent.

, civan perçemi (Achillea ssp.), hatmi (Alcea ssp), adaçayı (Salvia ssp.) ısırgan otu (Urtica ssp.), kekik (Thymus ssp), acı cehre (Frangula alnus), papatya (Matricaria ssp.) ve uçkun (Rheum ribes)'dur. Toplam olarak farklı kısımları kullanılan 34 örnek incelenmiştir. Bitki örnekleri dört farklı satış istasyonundan toplanmıştır. Örnekler mikrodalga yöntemi ile parçalanmış (yakılmış) ve ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) spektrometre ile ölçümler belirlenmiştir. Örneklerin mikroelement içerikleri şu şekilde sıralanmıştır:

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Öz: Thymus cinsi Lamiaceae familyasına dahil bir bitki olup çok yıllık, yarı çalımsı ve aromatik bir bitkidir. Yürütülen bu çalışmada Thymus fedtschenkoi bitkisinin uçucu yağ bileşenlerinin durumu araştırılmıştır. Thymus fedtschenkoi bitkisine ait örnekler Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki Van ili çevresinde beş farklı lokasyondan bitkinin çiçeklenme evresinde doğal ortamından elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen örneklerdeki uçucu yağlar su buharı distilasyonu yöntemi kullanılarak bitkinin toprak üstü organlarından elde edilmiş ve elde edilen uçucu yağlar gaz kromotogrofisi-kütle spektroskopisi (GC-MS) cihazı ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz sonucunda uçucu yağların ana