Introduction: Brain death is defined as a status of apnea, coma and the absence of brainstem reflexes, in addition to the presence of electrocerebral silence (ECS) on an electroencephalography (EEG). Trauma and anoxic encephalopathy are the most common causes of brain death in children, with incidences of brain death reported to vary between 0.65-1.2 percent. A diagnosis of brain death can be made based on a detailed anamnesis, physical examination findings and supportive test results. When pediatric patients are being evaluated by EEG, they should also be assessed in terms of medications, metabolic encephalopathy, hypothermia, electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance. Patients and Methods:The present study included patients who suffered brain death during hospitalization in the pediatric intensive care unit of Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center between 2010 and 2017. The medical files of the patients were reviewed retrospectively. All patients included in the study underwent an EEG and an apnea test was performed on all patients. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement was obtained through a Computerized Tomography Angiography (CTA), and all patients underwent a Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) and a Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Results:Of the 20 patients included in the study, nine (45%) were female and 11 (55%) were male, with a mean age of 8.47±5.73 years. Of the total, seven patients presented with fulminant hepatitis, three with trauma, three with sepsis, two with drowning, two with cerebrovaskuler disease (CVD), and one patient each with lymphoma, suicide and electric shock. The families of only two (10%) patients donated the organs of the deceased. Of the 20 patients, four were Syrian, and of which were being monitored with the diagnosis of liver failure. An apnea test was positive in all patients, and in all patients, the EEG findings supported brain death. Imaging methods were carried out to demonstrate the absence of CBF flow in 11 (55%) patients, and diabetes insipidus (DI) developed in nine (45%) of the patients with brain death. Conclusion:In conclusion, a multidisciplinary approach is required for the diagnosis of brain death. An evaluation of laboratory findings and EEG results together with the findings of a physical examination is important, particularly in centers like our clinics where more than 50 pediatric transplantations are carried out each year. The development of hypernatremia in patients with DI is now an important parameter in the loss of brain function. Keywords: Brain death, Childhood, EEG Aslan et al. / Brain Death in Children 510 ORTADOGU TIP DERG 2019; 11(4): 509-516 ÖZ Giriş ve Amaç: Beyin ölümü apne, koma ve beyin sapı reflekslerinin bulunmamasına ek olarak elektroserebral sessiz elektroensefalografi (EEG) bulunması durumudur. Çocuklarda beyin ölümü en sık travma ve anoksik ensefalopati sonucu ortaya çıkar. Beyin ölümü insidansının %0,65 ila %1,2 arasında değiştiğini bildirmiştir. Beyin ölümü tanısı iyi bir anamnez, fizik muayene ve yardımcı t...

Background Acute ataxia is a common reason for presentation to the pediatric emergency department and the pediatric neurology clinic in childhood. Its incidence is between 1/100,000 and 1/500,000. Its most common reason is infections. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the clinical presentation, etiological factors, and prognosis of patients presenting to our regional tertiary pediatric neurology clinic with a diagnosis of acute ataxia. Methods An evaluation was made of patients younger than 18 years diagnosed with acute ataxia in our tertiary pediatric neurology clinic between 2009 and 2016. Results Thirty-nine children were included in the analysis. Sex, age, diagnoses, treatment options, and clinical and radiological findings were evaluated. Acute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia was the most common diagnosis (21/39 [51.2%]). No agent could be identified in viral serological examination in 34 patients (87.2%). Rotavirus was identified in 2 (10.5%) of the acute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia cases, and varicella-zoster virus, herpes simplex virus, and hepatitis A positivities were each identified in 1 case. In 20 (51.2%) of 39 patients, varying treatments were applied according to the primary etiology. Conclusions Acute ataxia is a significant neurological problem in childhood. In this study, Rotavirus was the most common infectious agent. It may be related to vaccination. This study can be considered of value as the most comprehensive study conducted to date on this subject in the eastern region of Turkey.

Objective: The present investigation was planned as a descriptive study to investigate the association of some socio-demographic characteristics with mother-child relationship in mothers who have children in primary schools. Materials and Methods: The universe of the study consisted of mothers of children aged 6-12 years attending to randomly selected 2 primary and secondary schools located in Istanbul province. Mothers of all children existed in the study universe were included into the study and mothers of a total of 214 children accepting to participate into the study have constituted the study sample. Data collection was performed using Child and Mother Information Form and Parental Accoptance -Rejection Questionnaire -Mother Form. Data were collected by face to face interviews with mothers. Results: Results demonstrated that mother's age, educational level, number of children and monthly income have a significant negative association with rejecting behavior. Conclusion: Gender of the child and family type have no significant association with mother-child relationship.