The aim of this study is to assess the need for orthodontic treatment in a Turkish school population and a group of population referred for orthodontic treatment. The study groups were 250 school children, 11-14 years of age, and 250 patients, 11-14 years of age, referred to the department of orthodontics. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) was used by two examiner in order to estimate the treatment need. The differences between the IOTN values for the boys and girls were also not statistically significant in both groups. When the dental health component of IOTN is considered, 38.8 per cent of Turkish school population showed great need treatment, 24.0 per cent moderate need treatment and slight or no need was 37.2 per cent. On the other hand, the referred population represented an 83.2 per cent great need treatment, 12.0 per cent moderate need treatment, 4.8 per cent no need treatment according to the DHC. The AC of IOTN in school population resulted in 4.8 per cent great need, 4.8 per cent moderate need, 90.4 per cent no need. These percentage were 36.8 per cent great need, 17.6 per cent moderate need, 45.2 per cent no need in referred population. Grade 8 was 28.8 per cent out of the 36.8 per cent great need percentage in referred population. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ectopic canines were the driving factor for the referred population.

This study describes the management of a case of multiple missing teeth involving premolar autotransplantation, othodontic treatment, and a 6-year follow-up of autotransplantation. The prognosis of the transplant was good with a satisfactory crown-root ratio. Autotransplantation is a viable treatment option that eliminates the need for prosthetic therapy or implants for children with missing permanent teeth. (Angle Orthod 2010;80:396-404.)

Isolated nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is a rare condition, even in endemic tuberculosis areas. The most common presentation of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis is with a cervical lymphadenopathy followed by nasal discharge or obstruction. Here we present a 58-year-old patient with nasopharyngeal tuberculosis whose only complaint was snoring. Her oropharyngeal and anterior rhinoscopic examination was normal. On endoscopic examination, mucosal oedema and hyperaemia of the nasopharynx was observed. There was no cervical lymphadenopathy. The tuberculin skin test was positive and histopathological examination of the biopsy taken from posterior nasopharyngeal wall supported the diagnosis of tuberculosis. After anti-tuberculosis therapy, the snoring stopped and the nasopharyngeal examination was normal.

No abstract

All the aminoglycoside antibiotics now in clinical use are ototoxic. This study was designed to compare the toxic effects of four aminoglycoside antibiotics, streptomycin, gentamicin, amikacin and netilmicin, administered to guinea-pigs systemically (at respective doses of 125 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg or 37.5 mg/kg, twice daily for 1 week) or topically via the transtympanic route (0.25 ml/kg in 4% saline, twice daily for 1 week). Chosen doses were 10-20 times higher than the recommended human dosage. Cochlear damage was observed in all animals that were given systemic and local aminoglycosides. The severity of the cochlear damage was in the order gentamicin, amikacin, streptomycin, netilmicin, with gentamicin being the most toxic. No statistically significant difference between the severity of cochlear damage resulting from the systemic and topical applications was detected.