Introduction:The nutritional status of old age people is frequently overlooked in many lowincome countries, like Ethiopia, although appropriate nutritional assessment improves their health. The Mini Nutritional Assessment tool has multiple versions with confirmed validity in diverse languages but not in Amharic. Thus, this study aimed to translate Mini Nutritional Assessment tool into the Amharic language and validate it among old age people in Bahir Dar City. Materials and Methods: The study was cross-sectional and conducted in three stepwise phases from January 16 to March 13, 2021. A total of 10 experts and 180 communitydwelling old age people were respectively selected in heterogeneous purposive sampling and multistage cluster sampling from Bahir Dar City. Principal component analysis was used to measure construct validity while Cronbach's alpha was employed to assess internal consistency reliability. Results: As experts reviewed, all items in the translated tool are socially acceptable and have no taboo or sensitive words. The translated tool's item content validity ranged from 0.60 to 1.00 and its content validity ratio was 0.93. Moreover, the construct validity of the tool was confirmed with factor loadings ranging from 0.47 to 0.89 with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.65. The tool had a sensitivity and specificity of 97% and 83%, respectively. Conclusion: The Amharic version of the Mini Nutritional Assessment tool showed good cross-cultural adaption, internal consistency reliability, and construct validity in Bahir Dar community-dwelling old age people. The tool can be used in regular care activities for aged people.

Background: Improved health care and rising life expectancy are creating a growing pool of old age people all over the world, including Africa. Malnutrition in the old age people is associated with both short- and long-term negative health outcomes. However, the reported burdens of malnutrition are fragmented and inconsistent, where more compiled evidence is warranted to aid decision-makers. Hence, this paper is aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of malnutrition among old age people in Africa.Methods: A systematic search for research reporting the prevalence of malnutrition among old age people (aged above 60 years) was conducted from HINARI/PubMed and Google Scholar databases using combination keywords. Published articles in English language starting from January 2000 to October 2021 were screened. We presented the results based on the standard for reporting systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. A random-effect meta-analysis was done to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition along with the 95% confidence intervals. The publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot.Results: A total of 1,442 studies were retrieved based on the search strategy, where only 36 studies (n = 15,266 participants) reported from 11 African countries were included for meta-analysis. The reported prevalence of malnutrition ranges from 2.2 to 77.3% across Africa. Overall, the pooled prevalence of malnutrition was 18% (95% CI: 15-22; I2 = 98.1; p < 0.001). The prevalence is higher in the Central Africa (3.8%; 95% CI: 3.2-4.4), in the community (3.1%; 95% CI: 2.7-3.7), and among advanced age (3.5%; 95% CI: 2.3-5.4).Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition in African old age people is high and differs by setting, assessment tool, and country of residence. Hence, due attention to geriatric nutrition is mandatory, and the need for a valid, reliable, and simple screening tool should be thought of.

Background: whatever the actions has been implemented, home delivery preference in Ethiopia is still over 72%. To date, no studies explored why institutional delivery is still the last option to rural women in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to explore the reason why institutional delivery is still the last option to rural women in Awi Zone Northwest Ethiopia.Methods: An explanatory qualitative study was conducted from February to March 2014. Participants were selected purposively and written informed consent was sought. Twelve reproductive aged females, ten religious and twelve community leaders and sixteen key informants were participated. Data were collected by using semi-structured questionnaire using focused group discussion and in-depth interview guides. Thick description and peer debriefing were applied to assure data quality. Thematic analysis framework was used to analyse the data. Results: The study revealed that institutional delivery is still the last option to the study area. Individual related factors like information gap, low risk Perception to pregnancy and delivery have been mentioned as drive factors for not using institutional delivery. Community related factors of women’s poor position to decision, beliefs and cultural practices for home delivery preference affects institutional delivery. In addition, health facility related barriers like inaccessibility of health facility, infrastructure, lack of privacy during delivery, misconducts of health care providers and high risk perception to health facility delivery were repeated raised as reasons of last option of institutional delivery. Conclusion: This study elucidated that home delivery preference was existed, given high social and cultural price for home delivery and misconceptions towards institutional delivery. Thus, the Ethiopian government together with its partners should focus on accessing health facilities, infrastructure, equipping health facilities with essential materials and skilled health professionals and increasing knowledge of the community, avert communities’ misconceptions and deep-rooted socio-cultural beliefs towards institutional delivery.

BACKGROUND The world population is ageing rapidly as a result of low fertility and mortality rates and increasing life expectancies. Old age people (age 60 years and above) shared 962 million or 13% of the global population in 2017 and expected to be two billion by 2050. As individuals grow old, their dietary pattern changes and the risk of malnutrition estimated between 11.8% to 27% in the community elderly people. Ageing and nutrition are by far the number-one driver of the global burden of disease: every country is facing. Early assessment and management of malnutrition among old age people can minimize the negative consequences, extending to better health status and quality of life. Nutrition counselling is one of the first line of nutritional therapy. However, malnutrition in old age people remains under-detected, under-treated and under resourced, and is often overlooked in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Furthermore, nutritional interventions targeted to old age people are lacking in the country. OBJECTIVE This study is intended to estimate the effects of nutrition counselling on old age people’s nutritional status and quality of life in Bahir Dar City, Northwestern Ethiopia. METHODS A single-group pre-post-test quasi-experimental design will be conducted among 216 community-dwelling old age people aged 60 from April 25 to July 25, 2021. Trained nurses will provide nutritional counselling through home-to-home visits once a week for one month, lasting 30 minutes, with a two-month follow-up. Paired T-test will be used to calculate the changes in outcomes. RESULTS N/A CONCLUSIONS This investigation might be useful for maximizing the preservation of nutrition, health, and functional independence among community-dwelling old age people if the hypothesis is proven correct and show improved nutritional status and quality of life. By incorporating healthcare professional counselling into the current healthcare system for the elderly, hospital visits, expenses, and length of care could be reduced. CLINICALTRIAL Clinical Trial Registration URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov, which can be accessed with the identifier NCT04746664 (Release Date: October 5, 2021).