n order to assess the level of Rhodococcus equi infection in southeast Turkey, 679 sera from healthy foals and adult horses and 78 sera from donkeys were tested by indirect ELISA using a R. equi reference strain (ATCC 33701) as antigen. Eighty (11.7 %) sera from horses and 9 (11.5 %) sera from donkeys with titres >0.85 were positive. The prevalence of seropositive horses in Sanliurfa Province was higher than in Diyarbakir Province; 56 (13.9 %) horses in Sanliurfa Province and 24 (8.7 %) horses in Diyarbakir Province were defined as seropositive. In Sanliurfa Province 14.5 % of female (n = 343) and 10.1 % of male (n = 59) horses tested were defined as seropositive, while in Diyarbakir Province more males (11.4 %, n = 114) were seropositive than females (6.7 %, n = 163). Horses 1 to 5 years of age were found to have the highest seropositivity rate in both provinces. A total of 78 sera from donkeys were investigated in Sanliurfa Province, of which 9 (11.5 %) were positive by ELISA. Among the 9 positive sera, 6 (12.8 %) were from donkeys 1-5 years old and 3 (13.6 %) were from donkeys >5years of age. Nopositive sera were found in donkeys less than 1 year old. Five(12.5 %) sera of females and 4(10.5 %) sera of males tested were positive. These results indicate the existence of R. equi in the horse populations in Sanliurfa and Diyarbakir Provinces. Similar infection rates were found for donkeys in Sanliurfa. This suggests the importance of serological surveys to diagnose R. equi infection in the region and to prevent the zoonotic risk

This study aims at determining the seroprevalance of Coxiella burnetii in cows, sheep, goats and staff, working in the stock breeding sector in Diyarbakir region. Therefore, C. burnetii antibodies were investigated in sera samples of 612 sheep, 700 goats, 584 cows and 90 staff by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). In the study, seropositivity was obtained as 25.4, 38.6, 20.0 and 6.6% in sheep, goats, cows and stockbreeding staff, respectively. Consequently, C. burnetii seropositivity, whether in people or in animals, had a ratio that should not be ignored in Diyarbakir region. Abort cases in ruminant should be assessed from the viewpoint of Coxiellosis. Also, people, especially those who are in risk group, should be made to be conscious of Coxiellosis infection, and measures for preventing this illness should be taken.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of H. pylori, risk factors, and co-infection with intestinal parasites in adult patients presenting gastrointestinal complaints. Material and Method: The working group of the study consisted of 385 patients with gastrointestinal complaints. A questionnaire including questions aiming to canvass the socio-demographic features, lifestyles, and complaints of the patients was administered to the study population. Cellophane band method, native-Lugol, sedimentation, and modified Kinyoun's acid-fast methods were used to diagnose fecal parasites. Stool samples were examined under a microscope. H. pylori antigen was examined in the stool sample taken within the diagnosis of H. pylori. Results: H. pylori positivity was 27.79%. Of those who were H. pylori-positive, 76.6% were women. The H. pylori positivity rate was higher (75.7%) in patients aged 40 and over. The majority of patients with H. pylori positivity expressed being married (73.8%), having middle / low-income (89.7%), having a low educational background (82.2%), living in a village (55.1%), and in a nuclear family (72.2%) (p

Fungal diseases of fish have become increasingly important, over the past 20 years. The traditional ''fungi'' are comprised of members from several different taxonomic kingdoms. An increasing number of other environmental fungi are being reported from diseased fish, further testament to the opportunistic nature of many fungi. Active fungal agents living in waters cause infections in juvenile and adult individuals in fish populations, leading to decay in eggs and larvae. Fungal infections that are generally observed as a secondary infection in fish populations become established in lesions caused as a result of mechanical injury by bacterial, viral, and parasitic primary agents, consequently causing a change in the prognosis of the disease. Fungi, however, can cause disease under a variety of other circumstances. Some may be more aggressive and play a more primary role. Fungi can be external or internal, and systemic. Fungi can cause problems during reproduction, for example, by infecting fertilized eggs in spawns. Certain species of fungi can grow in poorly stored feeds and produce mycotoxins. Fungal diseases, in general, are very difficult to control or treat once they have taken hold. Prevention is, as always, the best medicine. Increased knowledge of basic biology will help guide treatment and control methods. This review study sought to provide insights into the fungal diseases of wild or farmed fish introduced onto the market.

Zoonotic diseases are diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans and from humans to animals. Zoonotic bacterial infections are an important public health problem in the world. Zoonotic infections from fish can cause problems for fish producers and consumers. Fish diseases are important in terms of economic losses they cause, adversely affect exports, residue problems of unconscious drugs, environmental pollution and increase antibiotic resistance, and some of the diseases are zoonotic. In this review, potential bacterial fish zoonoses are summarized according to the information obtained from publications.