Background: Hepatitis B virus infection continues to be a public health problem in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the percentage of hepatitis B virus infection and related factors among adult population in Tra Vinh Province, Vietnam 2022. Methods: The study applied the cross-sectional descriptive design with the combination of structured interview and serological blood tests, from September 1, 2021, to June 1, 2022. Results: There were 1,289 respondents in the study. Overall, the percentage of sample positive reaction with HBsAg were 7.68% (99 peoples). Most of the people did not likely have relatives with a family history of hepatitis B virus infection, the proportion of people who had household family members who had hepatitis B, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cirrhosis was 1.24%, 0.93%, and 2.48% respectively. People who did not preventive vaccination for hepatitis B virus had higher rates of HBsAg (+) than people get preventive vaccination, with p=0.005. However, in other medical practice, the rate of HBsAg was non-significance, such as blood transfusion, surgery, dental treatment, injecting medications, and injected skin boils. The percentage of hepatitis B virus infection in the study was not significantly associated with hepatitis B prevention practices in daily life, including acupuncture, sharing shavers, sharing toothbrushes, sharing nail tools, and spraying tattoo. Conclusions: The percentage of hepatitis B virus infection in Tra Vinh province was 7.68%. There was a statistically significant relationship between the incidence of hepatitis B with preventive vaccination for the hepatitis B virus.

We present the case of a 4-year-old girl, bronchofiberscopy (scope diameter 2.8mm): one third below oftrachea, which was divided into two orifices. The orifice on the right side was larger and divided into twosuborifices. The left orifice was stenosis and could not pass the bronchoscope. Whole trachea mucosa was redand edema, and could not observe the cartilage ring of trachea. Chest X-ray: infiltration of right lower lobe.Chest CT multiple probes with contrast injection confirmed that: At the sixth to seventh thoracic vertebral level,the left pulmonary artery was arisen from the right pulmonary artery then passed in between the behindtrachea and anterior oesophagus to reach the left lung hilar. And at the fourth to fifth thoracic vertebral level,the right upper bronchus was arisen from trachea and then the trachea was shrunk diameter to reach the leftlung hilar, at the end, the trachea divided 2 bronchi: left main bronchus and “bridging bronchus”. Thatbronchus from left lung hilar returned to the right lung.This patient was diagnosed birth defect: Left pulmonary artery sling with trachea stenosis, type IIA.

The antioxidant capacity of polyphenols have been widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. Quercetin (Quer) is a polyphenolic flavonoid that shows several biological effects such as antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial and antiproliferative effects both in-vitro and in-vivo. However, the solubility of quercetin in water is poor. Thus, it is essential to improve solubility of quercetin in pharmaceuticals by making its complexation with other compounds. In this study, the synthesis of the 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin complex with quercetin (Quer-HPβCD) in the form of nanoparticles in water-ethanol solvents has been carried out. The results showed that the obtained yield of (Quer-HPβCD) complexation in binary solvent was greater than that in pure water. The highest Y value was 80% in a binary solvent with 20% v/v of ethanol. The composition, morphology, structural and thermodynamic properties of the nanoparticles Quer-HPβCD have been determined. This study demonstrated that using mixed water- ethanol solvent and lyophilization technique was able to produce quercetin nanoparticles with significantly smaller particle size. The nanoparticles have a spherical shape with an average size of about 40-60 nm. The results of the phase solubility diagram showed that in water the solubility of quercetin increased and linearly depended on the concentration of host’s molecule while Quer and HP-βCD obtained a 1:1 stoichiometric complex. The stability constant of (Quer-HPβCD) complex was found to be logK = 2.56. The Gibbs energy change of the complexation reaction was found to be -14.60 kJ/mol.

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