Background: Candida albicans is a microorganism that can cause soft tissue infections in the oral cavity, one of them is oral thrush or candidiasis. To overcome the case, various types of antifungal drugs have been used, but in its development not all therapy gives a positive effect for the body. The use of natural ingredients as an alternative treatment of antifungal is by using the leaves of forest kedondong (Spondias pinnata). Forest kedondong leaves have secondary metabolite compounds namely flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and steroids that are suspected to inhibit the growth of C. Albicans. The general objective of this study was to investigate the results of inhibitory test of forest kedondong leaves extract on C. albicans through in vitro. Method: The research type was experimental with Post Test Only Control Group Design using Disk diffusion method (Kirby-bauer) with 25 samples. Each treatment group were given forest kedondong leaves extract with concentration 20%, 60%, and 100%. Then the control group was given ketoconazole as a positive control, and 80% ethanol as a negative control. Result: The result of this research was that inhibitory zone formed at 20% concentration is 18.4 mm, 60% concentration is 25.6 mm and 100% is 28.8 mm. Conclusion: the conclusion of this research shows that the forest kedondong leaves extract can inhibit the growth of C. albicans through in vitro, with the analysis test (comparative test), there is significant difference (p <0.05) between the forest kedondong leaves extract at concentration 20%, 60%, and 100% in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans fungi through in vitro. Latar Belakang: Candida albicans merupakan mikroorganisme yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi jaringan lunak pada rongga mulut, salah satunya yaitu oral thrush atau kandidiasis. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut telah digunakan berbagai jenis obat antijamur, namun dalam perkembangannya tidak semua terapi memberi efek positif bagi tubuh. Penggunaan bahan alam sebagai alternatif pengobatan antijamur yaitu dengan menggunakan daun tanaman kedondong hutan (Spondias pinnata). Daun tanaman kedondong hutan memiliki senyawa metabolit sekunder yaitu flavonoid, polifenol, saponin, dan steroid yang diduga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan C. albicans. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hasil uji daya hambat ekstrak daun kedondong hutan terhadap C. albicans secara in vitro. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yaitu eksperimental dengan Post Test Only Control Group Design menggunakan metode Disk difusi (Kirby-bauer) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 25. Kelompok perlakuan masing – masing diberikan ekstrak daun kedondong hutan dengan konsentrasi 20%, 60%, dan 100%. Kemudian kelompok kontrol diberikan ketokonazol sebagai kontrol positif, dan etanol 80% sebagai kontrol negatif. Hasil penelitian: dari hasil penelitian terbentuk zona hambat pada konsentrasi 20% sebesar 18.4 mm, konsentrasi 60% sebesar 25.6 mm dan 100% sebesar 28.8 mm. Simpulan: penelitian ini menunjukan ekstrak daun kedondong hutan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan C. albicans secara in vitro, dengan hasil uji analisis (uji perbedaan) dinyatakan terdapat perbedaan bermakna (p < 0.05) antara ekstrak daun kedondong hutan pada konsentrasi 20%, 60%, dan 100% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur C. albicans secara in vitro.

Background: Manalagi apple (malus sylvestris mill) is a popular fruit consumed by the people of Indonesia. Objective: This study aims to determine the inhibition of manalagi apple juice on the growth of streptococcus mutans with a concentration of 60%, 80%, 100%. Methods: This study was an experimental study using disc diffusion method by using 5 samples in each treatment groups namely manalagi apple juice concentration of 60%, 80%, 100%, the positive control group (vancomicyn 30µg), and a negative control group (aquades sterile) data analysis using kruskal-wallis test and mannwhitney test. Results: From the Shapiro-wilk test result showed that the data were normally distributed to a concentration of 80% and 30μg vancomycin with p = 0.314 and not normally distributed to a concentration of 60% with a value p = 0.006 and a concentration of 100% with a value of p = 0.000. This study shows that manalagi apple juice at all concentrations have antibacterial activity against the growth of streptococcus mutans. 100% concentration is the concentration that is still able to inhibit the growth of Streptococcus mutans. Conclusions: The conclusion of this study proves that the manalagi apple juice have antibacterial activity against the growth of streptococcus mutans.

Background: One of the most common treatments performed by the dentist is scaling. Scaling process typically lasts approximately 45 minutes, during which dentists will be in a static position which can cause musculoskeletal disorder. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship of ergonomic posture application to musculoskeletal complaints during the scaling action in dentist practice in Denpasar City. Methods: The research has been done by using analytic observational with cross sectional design. The sample of this research are 44 dentists who practicing dentistry in Denpasar. Data collection is sourced from the primary data by appraisal using test of visual perception (TVP) and filling the Nordic body map questionnaire by the sample before and after the scaling procedure. Results: Statistical test results using pearson chi-square showed that the significance value of 0.035 < α = 0.05. Conclusion: there is a relationship between the application of ergonomic posture to musculoskeletal complaints during the action of scaling ultrasonic on dentist practice in Denpasar City.   Latar Belakang: Salah satu perawatan yang paling sering dilakukan dokter gigi adalah scaling. Proses scaling biasanya berlangsung kurang lebih 45 menit, selama itu dokter gigi akan berada pada posisi statis yang dapat menyebabkan musculoskeletal disorder. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan penerapan postur tubuh yang ergonomi terhadap keluhan musculoskeletal selama tindakan scaling pada praktik dokter gigi di Kota Denpasar. Metode: telah dilakukan penelitian observasional secara analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel penelitian ini adalah dokter gigi yang berpraktik di Kota Denpasar sebanyak 44 orang. Pengumpulan data bersumber dari data primer dengan melakukan penilaian menggunakan test of visual perception (TVP) dan pengisian kuisioner Nordic body map oleh sampel, sebelum dan sesudah dilakukannya tindakan scaling. Hasil: berdasarkan uji statistik menggunakan pearson chi-square menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi 0,035 < α = 0,05. Simpulan: bahwa ada hubungan antara penerapan postur tubuh yang ergonomis terhadap keluhan musculoskeletal selama tindakan scaling ultrasonic pada praktik dokter gigi di Kota Denpasar.