Background: The main purpose of treatment in patients with advanced lung cancer is more emphasizing on prolonging survival and improving the patient's quality of life (QOL). Micronutrient deficiency has an impact on the patient's QOL. The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between biochemical parameters of nutrient deficiency with QOL in patients with advanced non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC) at Sanglah hospital.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Sanglah general hospital on March-June 2021. Hemoglobin, albumin, and 2.5 (OH) D levels were obtained from patient's serum. The participant’s QOL was measured with EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, and multivariate analysis using logistic regression.Results: A total of 80 participants were included in this study, and 55% had poor QOL. Seventy percent participants had anemia, 36.3% had hypoalbuminemia, and 26.3% had vitamin D deficiency. The QOL of patients with advanced stage NSCLC was significantly associated with hypoalbuminemia (p=0.000) and vitamin D deficiency (p=0.044). Multivariate analysis showed that the most influential factor on the QOL of patients with advanced stage NSCLC was hypoalbuminemia (AOR 9.158; 95% CI 2.150-30.001; p=0.003).Conclusions: Hypoalbuminemia and vitamin D deficiency were significantly related with QOL of advance NSCLC patients. No relationship was found between anemia and the QOL of advance NSCLC patients. Hypoalbuminemia was the most influential factors related to the QOL of advance NSCLC patients.

BACKGROUND: Today, coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 has become a worldwide pandemic. People living with HIV are one of the special populations who are susceptible to COVID-19 infection and suspected of having a poor prognosis. CASE REPORT: We reported two serial cases of COVID-19 with HIV coinfection. First case was a COVID-19 patient coinfected with HIV who had received anti-retroviral therapy (ARV) and had an absolute CD4 cell count of 781 cells/uL. Patient was found with mild symptoms of COVID-19 and had normal laboratory results and chest X-ray. Patient was declared cured after 26 days of treatment in isolation room with complete clinical improvement since day 5 of isolation. Second case was a COVID-19 with HIV coinfection that had not yet received ARV therapy and had absolute CD4 cell count of 155 Cell/uL. Patient came with moderate clinical symptom of COVID-19 and experienced secondary bacterial and tuberculosis infection. Patient was declared cured of COVID-19 on the 8th day of treatment with clinical improvement but still needed further treatment in a non-isolation room. CONCLUSION: Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in HIV and non-HIV patients are the same. A history of ARV therapy and CD4 count did not affect the length of isolation until a negative result on two reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reactions, but could affect prognosis and clinical severity due to the high risk of secondary infection in HIV-positive patients without ARV or HIV/AIDS who had a CD4 count ≤200 cell/uL.

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function of farmers. METHODS: The study was conducted in Utu Village, Tabanan, Bali with 84 subjects. This research was observational analytic cross sectional study. RESULTS: Three dominant chronic respiratory symptoms in farmers were coughing (15.1%), dyspnea (13.1%), and phlegm (13.1%). Average values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were 83.75 ± 34.42, respectively, 81.62 ± 34.30 and 104.90 ± 13.90, respectively. Cough was dominant experiencing by smokers (p = 0.008). Mean of FEV1% prediction and FVC% prediction value was lower in passive smoker group than no smoker group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Occupational exposure while farming and raising livestock can cause chronic respiratory symptom and lung function decline in farmers and can be influenced by smoking history and secondhand smoke exposure.

Background: Omicron (B.1.1.529) is a variant of COVID-19 which is first reported from Gauteng Province, South Africa in November 2021. This variant was considered the fifth variant of concern (VOC) by the world health organization (WHO) due to its much faster transmission but with milder clinical manifestations than other COVID-19 variants.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Sanglah general hospital, Denpasar, Bali in March 2022. Subjects of this study were all patients who were diagnosed with probable COVID-19 Omicron by having a positive S-gene target failure (SGTF) of a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test in Sanglah general hospital from January to February 2022. All subjects must age 18 years old or older. Data on patient characteristics and clinical manifestations were obtained from medical record data and analyzed using statistical package for service solution (SPSS) for windows version 25.Results: A total of 79 probable COVID-19 Omicron patients were analyzed in this study. Most of them were elderly who age more than 65 years old (30.4%), male (50.6%), and work as an entrepreneur (24.1%). The majority of probable COVID-19 Omicron patients were symptomatic (89.9%) with the most common clinical manifestation found was cough (54.9%). Other clinical manifestations found were shortness of breath (50.7%), fever (38.0%), fatigue (21.1%), runny nose (11.3%), sore throat (8.5%), nausea and vomit (2.8%), headache (1.4%), diarrhea (1.4%), and anosmia (1.4%).Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of probable COVID-19 Omicron patients vary but most of them were classified as mild symptoms.