The development of cases of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in the province Bali to increase until it ranks 10 th in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the characteristics of patients and the description of drug use for COVID-19 patients at Karangasem Hospital Bali for the period April 2020-Aril 2021. This study used a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design through a retrospective data search. The number of respondents as a sample was 200 patients with purposive sampling technique. The data collected is in the form of secondary data, which comes from medical records of COVID-19 patients at Karangasem Hospital. The results of the study showed that the most COVID-19 patients in Karangasem RSUD were from adults as many as 109 people (54.5%). Clinical symptoms experienced by all patients were fever with body temperature 38°C for more than 3 days and headache (100%). Patients who had comorbid as many as 196 people (98%) with pneumonia being the highest comorbid as many as 102 people (51%). The length of hospitalization for patients is generally 0-7 days by 69% (138 people). The highest patient status experienced moderate degree of symptoms by 89% (178 people) and severe 11% (22 people). The most drugs given to patients was vitamin C intravenously by 71% (142 people), while antiviral drugs in the form of oseltamivir (tamiflu) became the least by 1% (2 people). The characteristics of moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients are dominated by male adult patients, have comorbidities (98%), clinical symptoms experienced by all patients are fever for more than 3 days and headache, with hospitalization for more than 3 days. The type of drug that is most often used is for antipyretic analgesics is paracetamol, the type of antibiotic is azithromycin, the type of antiviral is favipiravir, the type of corticosteroid is dexamethasone.

Self-medication behavior is usually carried out to deal with complaints and minor ailments that many people experience, such as fever, pain, dizziness, cough, influenza, stomach ulcers, intestinal worms, diarrhea, skin diseases and others. The formation of behavior is influenced by knowledge. Behavior can be researched using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) method. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and the behavior of self-medication of analgesic medication at Pharmacy X in Denpasar City. This study uses a survey method with a cross sectional approach. The sampling technique in this study used the convenience sampling method with the number of respondents in this study as many as 276 people with inclusion criteria, namely respondents who used pain medication without a doctor's prescription, aged 15-65 years, could read and write, were willing to fill out a questionnaire while the exclusion criteria were respondents with mental and physical disabilities.The instrument used in this study was a self-medication knowledge and behavior questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability with valid and reliable results. The data obtained were analyzed by the Somers'd correlation method because both use an ordinal scale. The results showed that the level of knowledge of the respondents was high 37,3%, moderate 33,7%, and low 29%. Respondents' behavior was divided into 3 categories of TPB, attitudes towards behavior with moderate results (47,1%), subjective norms with high results (43,1%) and behavioral control with high results (48,9%). The results of the correlation test show a significance value (p-value) of 0.000 (p<0.05), which means that there is a significant relationship. The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge and the behavior of self-medication of analgesic medication at Pharmacy X in Denpasar City.

Orang lanjut usia (lansia) merupakan golongan umur dengan tingkat kejadian penyakit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dewasa, sebab terjadi perubahan fisik atau psikologis seperti mengalami insomnia atau penurunan kualitas tidur. Persentase kejadian lansia yang mengalami penurunan kualitas tidur di dunia sekitar 35% dan di Indonesia sekitar 50%. Aromaterapi menggunakan essential oil dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif terapi selain obat untuk mengatasi kesulitan tidur. Lavender merupakan salah satu aromaterapi yang dapat digunakan. Lavender dengan kandungan linalool dan linalil asetat memiliki efek meningkatkan kualitas tidur dan memberikan efek menenangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi lavender dalam meningkatan kualitas tidur lansia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan pre-experimental design dengan metode one group pretest-posttest design. Responden dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia di panti werda sebanyak 42 orang. Subjek dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji non parametrik, yaitu uji Wilcoxon. Hasil diperoleh yaitu sebelum penggunaan aromaterapi lavender (pretest) terdapat 42 responden (100%) mengalami penurunan kualitas tidur. Setelah pemberian aromaterapi lavender (posttest), sebanyak 38 responden (90,47%) mengalami peningkatan pada kualitas tidur dan 4 responden (9,53%) tidak mengalami perubahan, dengan p = 0,000. Peningkatan kualitas tidur dapat dilihat dari selisih nilai parameter kualitas tidur subyektif, latensi tidur, durasi tidur, efisiensi tidur, gangguan tidur, dan disfungsi pada siang hari berdasarkan selisih nilai pretest dan posttest. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian aromaterapi lavender dapat meningkatkan kualitas tidur lansia.

The behavior of self-medication in Indonesian society is quite large and one of the classes of drugs that can be used for self-medication is traditional medicine. The use of traditional medicine is influenced by the knowledge and attitudes of the community. This research aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards patterns of use of traditional medicine for self-medication in the community in Denpasar City. The research method used was an observational analytic cross-sectional study. The location used in this study is the city of Denpasar, with the time of the study taking place in July-September 2020. The research subjects are people who live in Denpasar City aged 20-64 years who buy and use traditional medicines with a total of 400 people. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to research subjects to measure knowledge, attitudes, and patterns of use of traditional medicines. The results obtained were the pattern of self-medicated traditional medicine in most of the community with the frequency of using drugs more than 4 times a month (23.25%), the most common complaints were headaches (32.5%), the type of traditional medicine was the branded herbal medicine class %), the effect that was felt from the use of traditional medicine was getting better (98.5%) with no side effects (87.25%). Most of the information sources of traditional medicine were from the family (50.25%). Knowledge and attitudes of the people of Denpasar city are mostly classified as high with a percentage of 67.25% for knowledge and 65.50% for attitudes. It can be concluded that there is a significant or moderate relationship between knowledge and the respective patterns of use of traditional medicines, except for the relationship between attitudes and low or weak prices of traditional medicines.

Gangguan haid akibat dismenore primer sering timbul pada usia remaja dengan prevalensi kejadian 89,5%. Dismenore primer disebabkan oleh pelepasan prostaglandin yang berlebihan sehingga terjadi spasme uterus dan mengakibatkan nyeri saat menstruasi. Obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid (OAINS) sering digunakan untuk terapi awal mengurangi nyeri dismenorea primer, namun menimbulkan efek samping pada gastrointestinal. Penggunaan aromaterapi dengan essential oil dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif terapi selain obat untuk mengatasi dismenorea primer. Essential oil yang dapat digunakan adalah kayu manis yang memiliki efek antispasmodic melalui kandungan cinnamaldehyde (55-57%) dan eugenol (5-18. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi kayu manis terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri dismenore primer. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan one-group pretest-posttest design. Intensitas nyeri diukur dengan Wong Baker Rating Scale. Responden penelitian sebanyak 30 responden remaja yang merupakan siswi SMAN 1 Sukawati. Teknik pengambilan subjek dengan probability sampling. Analisa data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Diperoleh hasil yaitu sebelum pemberian aromaterapi kayu manis (pretest), responden mengalami intensitas nyeri ringan (10%), sedang (73%), dan berat (17%). Setelah dilakukan pemberian aromaterapi kayu manis (posttest), responden mengalami penurunan intensitas nyeri dengan derajat nyeri ringan (83%) dan sedang (17%) dengan nilai p=0,000. Disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan pemberian aromaterapi kayu manis terhadap penurunan intensitas rasa nyeri pada remaja yang mengalami dismenore primer.