Medication adherence behavior plays a central role in the success of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Conventional motivation is not optimal in strengthening long-term medication adherence. A motivational interviewing (MI) communication motivation model based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) was designed with the main objective of improving medication adherence and treatment success. This study used an experimental design with a randomized posttest-only control group design. The intervention and control groups consisted of 107 TB patients each, who were selected by random cluster sampling. The study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 at 38 public health centers in Bali Province. The HBM-based MI model intervention was given in seven counseling sessions, pill count percentages were used to measure medication adherence, and treatment success was based on sputum examination results. Logistic regression was used to assess the effect of the intervention on medication adherence and treatment success. Logistic regression analysis showed that MI-based HBM and knowledge were the most influential variables for increasing medication adherence and treatment success. Medication adherence was 4.5 times greater (ARR = 4.51, p = 0.018) and treatment success was 3.8 times greater (ARR = 3.81, p < 0.038) in the intervention group compared to the control group, while the secondary outcome of knowledge of other factors together influenced medication adherence and treatment success. The conclusion is that the HBM-based MI communication motivation model creates a patient-centered relationship by overcoming the triggers of treatment barriers originating from the HBM construct, effectively increasing medication adherence and treatment success for TB patients, and it needs further development by involving families in counseling for consistent self-efficacy of patients in long-term treatment.

The aging process greatly impacts upon individual' s physical, mental, psychosocial and spiritual health. Those aged 30 years and over experience an annual 1% decline in cardiopulmonary fitness every year. Based on this, it is estimated that oxygen consumption capacity by cardiopulmonary fitness of someone aged 60 years will eventually decline to 35%. This study assessed the positive impact of breathingbased exercise on cardiopulmonary fitness of the aged patients of Werdha Wana Seraya in Denpasar. The aims of this study were to identify and to analyze differences of mean cardiopulmonary fitness among aged care patients before and after carrying out breathing-based exercise. Study design used one group pretest and posttest based on sample of

Increasing the concentration of ownership and control of public companies in Indonesia is more likely to increase the likelihood of earnings management practices through tax avoidance. The high percentage of concentrated ownership has encouraged the government and capital market regulators to more broadly promote regulations related to tax incentives and public ownership in order to encourage more transparent practices. This study aims to analyze the policy of public ownership of tax avoidance conducted by Indonesian public companies, specifically after the regulation of Government Regulation No. 81 of 2007 concerning Reduction of Income Tax Rates for Domestic Corporate Taxpayers in the Form of Public Companies, and Minister of Financial Regulation No. 238 / PMK.03 / 2008 concerning Procedures for Implementing and Supervision of Granting Tariff Reductions for Domestic Corporate Taxpayers in the Form of Public Companies. More specifically, this study aims to analyze the impact of public share ownership on tax avoidance by Indonesian public companies. The samples of 320 observations that conducted (firm-years) during 2008-2011. The software that will be used in data analysis is STATA 12. The results showed that the increase in public ownership have a significant effect in improve the practice of corporate tax avoidance, which it is also evidenced by the significant differences in the corporate tax avoidance practices before than after the enactment of these regulations. The findings show that the greater the proportion of public share ownership would result the decreasing number of ETR or ETRC which can be indicated that the greater the practice of corporate tax avoidance. Furthermore, the ROA variable has a negative and significant effect on corporate tax avoidance practices, meaning that the greater the profitability ratio of a company can cause the reported and paid tax burden to decrease.

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Saat ini pemeriksaan dengan IVA dan pap smear untuk skrining lesi pra-kanker leher rahim telah dilaksanakan di Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontrasepsi hormonal dan riwayat IMS sebagai faktor risiko lesi pra-kanker leher rahim. Metode: Rancangan penelitian adalah kasus-kontrol dengan sampel kasus sebanyak 76 wanita PUS yang didiagnosis positif lesi pra-kanker dengan pemeriksaan IVA dan konfirmasi pemeriksaan pap smear di dua puskesmas di Denpasar Bali dari Bulan Januari sampai Maret 2015. Kontrol sebanyak 76 wanita PUS dipilih dari mereka yang negatif pada periode yang sama. Sampel kasus dan kontrol dipilih secara consecutive. Data tentang faktor risiko dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan mempergunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode regresi logistik untuk mendapatkan adjusted odd ratio masing-masing faktor risiko. Hasil: Analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal (>5 tahun maupun <5 tahun) meningkatkan risiko lesi pra-kanker leher rahim dibandingkan yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal masing-masing dengan OR=10,7 (95%CI: 1,04-108,17) dan OR=3,0 (95%CI: 1,16-7,84). Riwayat IMS juga meningkatkan risiko lesi pra-kanker leher rahim dengan OR=9,7 (95%CI: 3,83-24,18).Simpulan: Pemakaian kontrasepsi hormonal dan riwayat IMS meningkatkan risiko lesi pra-kanker leher rahim.

This study aims to find and analyze the profitability level of Fried Onion Small Business in Palu City, influenced by Patronage Buying Motives (PBM), which consist of company reputation, location of sales, selling price and guarantee to profitability. The population of this study was 52. Population was chosen based on small business that still survives in fried onion business as a local business. The sample taken by purposive sampling was 35. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires to the managers of fried onion small businesses. The analytical tool used is multiple linear analysis. The results shows that F test of PBM had a significant influence on profitability at 0,822 or 82.2%. This means a very strong influence of the value of PBM. T-test shows that corporate reputation is of significant value of 0,286, location of sales – 0,426, and selling price has a significant value of the 0.235 influence on profitability, except guarantees that do not affect profitability because the value of 0.151 is less than the t table value of 2.0395. The impact of this study implies that small food businesses do not really need a guarantee like electronic products, because reputation and quality have become their guarantee.