Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by increased blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Stress and family’s support in managing diabetic Mellitus are two critical external factors that influence blood glucose levels. This research aimed to analyze the relationship between stress level and family’s support with fasting blood glucose levels and 2 hours post prandial in T2DM patients.Method: Study design using cross sectional model. Eligible T2DM patients in Tabanan II primary health care center, between period September 2017- February 2018 were evaluated for fasting and post prandial blood glucose and stress level (Depression Anxiety Stres Scale-14) and family support. Spearman correlation test was used to determine correlation between family support and stress level toward fasting and post prandial glucose levels in T2DM patients.Result: The result suggested that 29 respondents (36.3%) get severe stress levels, 51 respondents (63.85%)  get high family support, fasting blood glucose level was 168.42±63.57 and post prandial glucose level was 229.18±88.593. There was a positive correlation between family support and stress level toward fasting glucose level (r=0.341; p<0,001) and post prandial glucose level (r=0.276; p<0,001).Conclusion: Stress level and family support in diabetic mellitus management can influence fasting and post prandial glucose level T2DM patients. Managing stress and family support can assist in stabilizing fasting and post prandial glucose level.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major health problem in developed and developing countries. Until now, the death rate due to CHD is the highest in the world. Its risk factors include major modifiable risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and non-modifiable risk factors. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the major risk factors for the incidence of CHD. Methods: This study employed an unmatched case-control design, with a total sample of 43 cases and 86 controls recruited by a purposive sampling technique. Case samples were CHD patients diagnosed by a cardiologist and control samples were non-CHD patients who visited the cardiac polyclinic, with similar variables of age, sex, and residence. The samples were taken at the integrated heart center of Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, based on the patient medical records. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The results showed three risk factors that statistically and significantly increased the incidence of CHD, namely history of total cholesterol of ≥240mg/dl with adjusted OR=4.64 (95% CI: 1.60-13.49), type-2 diabetes mellitus with adjusted OR=2.85 (95% CI: 1.16-6.99), and smoking with adjusted OR=2.54 (95% CI: 1.01-6.46). Conclusion: The history of high total cholesterol is statistically the most dominant risk factor for the incidence of CHD.

Pendahuluan: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) adalah gangguan tumbuh kembang pada anak yang ditandai dengan gangguan aktivitas yang berlebih dan rendahnya perhatian anak usia prasekolah-sekolah. Anak yang menderita ADHD akan sangat sulit diatur dan cenderung mengalami masalah baik dirumah ataupun disekolah. studi literatur ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan faktor risiko dari kejadian ADHD. Metode dan Hasil : Metode yang digunakan adalah literature review, pencarian  artikel  menggunakan  beberapa sumber  dari  database  : EBSCO HOST, Proquest, PubMed, Scient Direct dan Springer Link publikasi tahun 2010-2020, kata kunci yang digunakan “Risk Faktors”,”adhd or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dengan menggunakan “AND” sebagai boolean operator. Terdapat sejumlah 309 artikel yang ditemukan sesuai dengan kata kunci tersebut. Setelah artikel tersebut dievaluasi sesuai kriteria yang diinginkan: full text, Bahasa yang digunakan dan kesesuaian rancangan didapatkan sejumlah 18 artikel yang ditelaah untuk di-review. Diskusi: Faktor risiko yang meningkatkan kejadian ADHD: Paparan asap rokok, Ibu merokok dan mengkonsumsi alkohol saat hamil, Ibu hamil yang obesitas, Riwayat kelahiran dengan berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) dan kelahiran Prematur, APGAR skor rendah saat lahir, genetik dan lingkungan, social ekonomi orang tua, usia orang tua dan Riwayat kelahiran sectio caesaria (SC).

Pendahuluan: Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan penyakit degeneratif dan kronis, yang memerlukan pengobatan jangka panjang dan perawatan pasien secara mandiri, untuk dapat mencegah efek komplikasi akut maupun komplikasi jangka panjang. Kondisi hiperglikemi berkepanjangan akan menimbulkan komplikasi kronis pada sistem saraf yaitu neuropati diabetic dan juga menurunnya kelembaban kaki. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Nilai Ankle Brachial Index dengan kelembaban dan sensitivitas kaki pasien DM tipe II. Metode: Metode penelitian ini yaitu non-eksperimen studi korelasional, dengan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 86 responden diambil dengan tehnik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan tensimeter airaksa, stetoskop dan Skin moisture analyzer. Hasil: Hasil analisa dengan univariat berdasarkan nilai Ankle Brachial Index didapatkan nilai mean 0.99 (Minimum 0.83, Maksimum 1,29) dalam katagori ABI Normal, nilai Kelembaban kaki didapatkan nilai mean 34.11 (Minimum 24.09, Maksimum 47,65) dalam katagori kurang lembab. Hasil Analisa dengan uji Spearman Range  didapatkan nilai p-value 0.000 yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara nilai Ankle Brachial Index dengan kelembaban kaki pada pasien DM tipe II. Diskusi: Kesimpulannya berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ABI bukan faktor paling dominan mempengaruhi kelembaban kulit kaki pada penderita DM, sehingga diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menemukan factor dominan.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a child who experiences obstacles in focusing attention, this condition is known as a hyperactive child term. PAUD teachers play an important role in ADHD child detection efforts, as teachers are often the first to see if their students have a keen behavioral difference when compared to other students. The study aims to get an overview of the Paud Teacher's perception of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in preschool-aged children (3-6 years). This research uses qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach. Data was obtained with an in-depth interview of 4 participants using the purposive sampling technique. The analysis used in this research is Colaizzi Analysis 7 step process. The results of the study getting five themes are facing the problem of ADHD children, planning problem solving, seeking support facing ADHD children, taking a positive meaning and accepting responsibility. Based on this research, it can be concluded that to optimize the child's growth, a teacher provides a special education in the form of wholeheartedly educating, patiently facing the child and giving more attention.