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A large model test of 10 m(2.5 m(4.1 m in length,width and height was carried out to study the swelling deformation and water content of expansive soil foundation under deep inundation. The water content, surface heave and deep heave were measured in the test. It is indicated that (1) the swelling deformation and water content are influenced by the dry density of soil and the foundation pressure; (2) the water content-time curves can be divided into initial, sudden and steady phases; (3) the larger the overburden pressure is, the less the surface heave is,so the swelling deformation decreases with the increase of overburden pressure; (4) the deformation characteristics of expansive soil foundation can be divided into compression, no deformation, swelling deformation or the composite; (5) the depth of swelling deformation is related to the pressure, size and shape of foundation.

A transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a porcine enteropathogenic coronavirus, causing acute swine enteric disease especially in suckling piglets. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are safe vaccine adjuvant, which could enhance immune responses. Our previous research confirmed that nano silicon had immune-enhancing effects with inactivated TGEV vaccine. In this study, we further clarified the immune-enhancing mechanism of the inactivated TGEV vaccine with MSNs on porcine dendritic cells (DCs). Our results indicated that the inactivated TGEV vaccine with MSNs strongly enhanced the activation of the DCs. Expressions of TLR3, TLR5, TLR7, TLR9, and TLR10, cytokines IFN-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α, cytokine receptor CCR-7 of immature DCs were characterized and showed themselves to be significantly higher in the inactivated TGEV vaccine with the MSN group. In summary, the inactivated TGEV vaccine with MSNs has effects on the phenotype and function of porcine DCs, which helps to better understand the immune-enhancing mechanism.

Dynamic centrifuge modelling tests are carried out to study the seismic behaviour of a sand-gravel dam with asphalt concrete core wall. The acceleration response, deformation, core wall stress and stability are analysed under design and check seismic intensity. The crest acceleration amplification factor is 2.7~3.0. The crest settlement rate is 0.442% and 0.481%, respectively under design and check intensity. Maximum seismic stress is recorded in core wall of 2/3~4/5 dam height. Under design intensity, failure cracks appear in crest and upstream dam revetment at water level. Under check intensity, more cracks are found. Furthermore, landslide occurs in upstream slope above 2/3 dam height under check intensity. Downstream slope is stable. No evident separation is observed between dam shell materials and core wall. The dam is unstable under design and check earthquake. Aseismic measures are necessary according to test results.