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Abstract:In this paper a review of energy storage systems used with PV power generators are reviewed with a focus on batteries. Merits and demerits of different storage technologies are compared. Batteries are further reviewed, modelled and simulated, with a focus on the four most common battery technologies used with PV systems, i.e., lead-acid (Pb-acid), lithium-ion (Li-ion), nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH), and nickel cadmium (Ni-Cd). Pb-acid batteries are the cheapest and most widely available but it also has the lowest charging/discharging cycles. Ni-MH and Ni-Cd batteries have many similar characteristics with the latter being the most temperature resistant of all batteries. However, there technologies are not widely available and are quite expensive compared to Pb-Acid batteries. Li-ion batteries have the fastest and most discharging/charging cycles and highest efficiencies of up to 99%. However, they are also the most expensive and are also not widely available in developing communities; the merits and demerits of the four battery technologies mentioned above are compared in a table. Highlights: Batteries are the most common types of storage devices used with PV systems  Pb-acid batteries are the cheapest, most versatile, and most common types of batteries  Li-ion batteries have higher efficiencies and faster charging/discharging cycles  Ni-MH and Ni-Cd batteries are the most temperature resistant

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