Background: Advances in surgical techniques combined with multimodal analgesia and early rehabilitation have potentiated early mobilization in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Given an increasing push from patients to accelerate recovery and health care budgetary limitations, there has been growing interest in the implementation of outpatient THA in selected patients. Understanding the patient and primary caregiver experience of outpatient THA is important to optimize care. We aimed to gain insight into patient and caregiver perspectives regarding the perceived advantages and disadvantages of same-day discharge to identify areas of care that can be improved. Method: Using a qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted in-depth semistructured interviews with patient-primary caregiver dyads who experienced same-day discharge or standard care after primary THA with the direct anterior approach in 2016-2017. Two members of the research team coded the data independently, implementing a thematic and content analysis. Results: Twenty-eight participants (16 same-day discharge, 12 standard care) were included. Both groups experienced high levels of satisfaction with their care pathway. Concerns and challenges identified in both groups pertained to mobility, pain, selfcare and caregiver support. Challenges and concerns unique to same-day discharge were identified regarding expectations for recovery, medications and their impact on mobility, the timing of postoperative education and the availability of formal care. Conclusion: Outpatient THA can be implemented with high patient and caregiver satisfaction. Preoperative education, clarification of recovery processes and expectations, and proactively addressing concerns related to caregiving are important. Contexte : Les progrès des techniques chirurgicales, alliés à l'analgésie multimodale et à la réadaptation hâtive, ont potentialisé la mobilisation précoce des patients soumis à une intervention pour prothèse totale de la hanche (PTH). Compte tenu de la pression croissante venant des patients pour accélérer leur rétablissement et des contraintes budgétaires en santé, on s'intéresse de plus en plus à la PTH effectuée en externe chez certains patients. Pour optimiser les soins, il est important de comprendre l'expérience des patients et de leurs proches aidants relativement à la PTH effectuée en externe. Nous avons voulu cerner les points de vue des patients et des proches aidants au sujet des avantages et inconvénients perçus du congé le jour même, afin de déterminer quels éléments des soins gagneraient à être améliorés. Méthodes : À l'aide d'une approche qualitative descriptive, nous avons procédé à des entrevues semi-structurées approfondies avec des paires patients-proches aidants à qui on a offert soit le congé le jour même, soit les soins standards après une PTH primaire par approche antérieure directe en 2016-2017. Deux membres de l'équipe de recherche ont codé les données indépendamment, en procédant à une analyse par thèmes et par contenu. Résultats...

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Regardless of whether a randomized trial finds a statistically significant effect for an intervention or not, readers often wonder if the trial was large enough to be conclusive. To answer this question, we can estimate the required sample size for a trial by considering how commonly the outcome occurs, the smallest effect of clinical importance and the acceptable risk of falsely detecting or rejecting that effect. But when is a meta-analysis conclusive? We explain and illustrate the interpretation of Trial Sequential Analysis (TSA), a method increasingly used to answer this question. We conducted a conventional meta-analysis which suggested that, in adults undergoing cardiac surgery, remote ischemic preconditioning does not provide a statistically significant reduction in acute kidney injury (AKI) [12 trials, 4230 patients; relative risk 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.74-1.02); P = 0.08; I2= 35%] or the risk of receiving acute dialysis [5 trials, 2111 patients; relative risk 1.15 (95% confidence interval 0.42-3.19); P = 0.78; I2 = 59%]. TSA demonstrates that as little as a 20% relative risk reduction in AKI is unlikely. Reliably finding effects on acute dialysis and smaller effects on AKI would require much more evidence. Notably, conventional meta-analyses conducted at one of the two earlier time points may have prematurely declared a statistically significant reduction in AKI, even though at no point in the TSA was there sufficient evidence to support such an effect. With this and other examples, we demonstrate that the TSA can prevent premature conclusions from meta-analyses.