Background: Achalasia and other esophageal dysmotility disorders mimicking achalasia can be associated with cancer. This study aimed to review the main mechanisms for which cancer may develop in esophageal dysmotility disorder patients. Methods: A narrative review was performed. Results: The mechanism for developing squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are discussed. Besides, achalasia-like syndromes related to familial KIT-gene mutation and pseudoachalasia are discussed. Conclusions: Knowing the main mechanism for which achalasia can be related to cancer is essential for clinicians to conduct the proper investigation, surveillance, and treatment.

Small Bowel Adenocarcinomas (SBA) have a low prevalence, of less than 5%, compared to other malignancies of the gastrointestinal tract. Little is still known about their specific mechanisms, treatments, and etiology because of their rarity and insufficient research about the condition. This scenario imposes a substantial challenge in the clinical practice to diagnose and properly treat patients with this disease. In this case report we document a rare case of intestinal obstruction caused by SBA of the ileum, a rare location for this type of clinical presentation. We report a case of a 64-year-old woman with small bowel adenocarcinoma of the ileum, who presented a story of 2 months of gastrointestinal and consumptive with symptoms of intestinal obstruction, she also had a personal history of cervical cancer 3 years before and had radiotherapy previously. She underwent an enterectomy as treatment and seven lymph nodes were removed with no signs of metastatic disease.