Objetivo. Identificar las encuestas que incluyeron preguntas sobre discapacidad durante la pandemia por la COVID-19, en el periodo 2020-2021; y a partir de esto, estudiar qué acciones han implementado los países de América Latina y el Caribe en aspectos educativos, de salud y protección social que han incluido explícitamente a la población con discapacidad. Métodos. Se revisaron los documentos de los Institutos Nacionales de Estadística de los países de la región, al igual que la plataforma de Socioeconomic Impact Assessment y páginas de instituciones internacionales como el Banco Mundial, el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo y la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe, buscando identificar las encuestas nacionales o regionales implementadas durante el 2020 y primer semestre de 2021. Adicionalmente, se realizó un análisis documental de las normas que implementaron medidas en los sectores de salud, educación y protección social como respuesta a la pandemia por la COVID-19. En estos documentos se buscó identificar si de manera explícita se mencionaba a la población con discapacidad. Resultados. De los países de América Latina y el Caribe, 23 recolectaron información estadística tipo encuesta durante el 2020 -2021. De estos, tan solo cuatro (Colombia, Costa Rica, Perú y México) incluyeron preguntas de discapacidad dentro de las encuestas nacionales y aunque se realizaron algunas encuestas específicas para la población con discapacidad, en general, en la región existe una falta de datos asociados de esta población durante la pandemia. Solo diez incluyeron explícitamente a la población con discapacidad en las medidas de salud, doce en educación y trece en protección social Conclusiones. La falta de datos sobre la población con discapacidad en los países de América Latina y el Caribe durante la pandemia por la COVID-19, muestra que esta población está invisibilizada dentro de los procesos de recolección de información, lo cual se asocia con el bajo número de países que implementaron políticas para mitigar el impacto de la pandemia que explícitamente incluyeron a la población con discapacidad.
Background The Colombian armed conflict has left millions of victims and has restricted access to different services provided by the government, especially for people with disabilities. This article studies the barriers faced by the victim population with disabilities when they want to access the health system in the department of Meta, Colombia, and offers a perspective from the experiences of people with disabilities who have been victims of the armed conflict in the country. Methods To carry out this qualitative study, focus groups were conducted to capture the experiences and feelings of this population in the context of violence and high conflict. Results The results show the barriers encountered by the victim population with disabilities, their families, and their caregivers when they want to access medical or health services. Conclusions Many problems affect the population with disabilities and the victim population in Colombia today. The Colombian government has not been able to establish adequate policies to eliminate or even reduce access to services such as health, education, housing, and social protection.
Although the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities guarantees the right to employment and most countries in Latin America have signed and ratified the Convention, a large proportion of the population with disabilities still does not participate in the labour market. (1) Objective: The objective of this research was to understand how legislation in seven Latin American countries (Bolivia, Costa Rica, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru) has defined and enabled the inclusion of people with disabilities in the labour market. (2) Methods: We conducted a thematic analysis of the content of 34 documents and generated two thematic networks that summarise the results of the thematic analysis and represent the general relationships between the categories of analysis in each country. Using this information, we analysed the differences between countries and the advance in their legislation to fulfil the recommendations made by the Convention. (3) Results: Although all countries have enacted legislation promoting the employment rights of persons with disabilities, six of the seven countries (except Chile) have applied a medical perspective to the definition of disability in their labour legislation, thus imposing a barrier to the labour-market inclusion of this population and perpetuating the association of disability with lack of capacity to work.
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