Background: One of the most frequent diseases among male gender is benign prostatic hyperplasia. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a minimally invasive procedure for resection of prostate through endoscopic technique. Recently there was a debate on role of saddle block in TURP. There we aimed to determine the effectiveness of spinal anaesthesia versus saddle block in terms of hemodynamic stability and vasoprbessor requirement in TURP. Methods: This open label randomized control trial was performed at Hamdard University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, during 1st October, 2021 to 31st March, 2022. Male patients of age 45–65 years requiring TURP, with well controlled diabetes and hypertension of ASA grade I-II were included into the study and randomly assigned into two study groups. Patients’ parameters including blood pressure, heart rate, mean arterial pressure and oxygen saturation (SPO2) were measured at baseline and intraoperative at every fifth minute interval till surgery completion. Patients’ other parameters including age, surgery duration and comorbidity were also recorded. Results: Total 60 patients with 30 patients in each group were enrolled into the study. Maximum fall in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate and mean arterial pressure from baseline was significantly lower in patients receiving saddle block anaesthesia than spinal anaesthesia. Maximum fall in SPO2 was not significantly different among two study groups. Maximum fall in all parameters excluding SPO2 was significant between two groups for initial 20 minutes of the procedure. No statistically significant maximum fall was seen for all of the parameters beyond 20 minutes of the procedure. Vasopressor consumption was significantly lower in saddle block group than spinal anaesthesia. Conclusion: Application of saddle block anaesthesia is effective for TURP procedure with controlled hemodynamic status than spinal anaesthesia. Moreover, saddle block requires less vasopressor consumption than spinal anaesthesia technique.

Objective: Postoperative complications are commonly observed during gynecologic and obstetric surgeries that could be controlled by timely management. The factors that involve in these complications could be related with patient or surgeon as well. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of immediately reported postoperative complications in gynecologic and obstetric surgeries in a tertiary care center. Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Hamdard hospital, Karachi. The duration of this study was 1 year from July 2018 – June 2019. A total of 200 adult female patients of 18 to 65 years having elective or emergency surgical procedure were included in the study. Data was analysed by using SPSS version-16. Mean standard deviation was calculated for age and hospitalization stay. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for presence of comorbidities such as obesity, anaemia and diabetes mellitus and postoperative complications. Results: The study results showed the mean age was reported 32.04±7.79 years and mean hospital stay was observed 3.38±1.08 days. Comorbidities revealed that 26(13.0%) were obese, 89(44.5%) were anemic and 6(3.0%) had diabetes. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting was the most common complication observed in 110(55.0%) women followed by fever that was reported in 69(34.5%) cases. Three patients (1.5%) were found to have Paralytic lleus, 23(11.5%) reported abdominal distention, postoperative gastritis was reported in 15(7.5%) cases, bleeding per vagina observed in 7(3.5%) women. Wound dehiscence was found in 2(1.0%) cases and Wound Infection in 10(5.0%) women. Conclusion: The present study concluded that post-operative nausea and vomiting were observed in most of the patients followed by fever subsequent to gynecologic and obstetric surgeries. Additionally, the incidence of wound infection and wound dehiscence were observed low.