There is a large body of theoretical and experimental research aimed at determining the warp thread deformation and tension. Analytical solutions and mathematical models of the stressed state of the warp and weft threads in the formation of fabric were proposed. In almost all studies, the deformation of the warp thread was determined separately when shedding and beating the weft. There is an experimental method for determining the deformation of warp threads, which makes it possible to eliminate some of the shortcomings inherent in the theoretical techniques. However, that method has some drawbacks, such as the low accuracy of strain measurement and the complexity of certain measuring operations, which leads to an increase in the time spent on the experiment. This paper reports a study that addresses those shortcomings by proposing to photograph the object being measured using a digital camera connected to a computer system to print the image. An electronic caliper that is used to measure the deformation of warp threads on printing paper takes into consideration a fraction of a millimeter when measuring. The proposed method makes it possible to determine with sufficient accuracy and speed the deformation of warp threads in the elastic feed system of the loom, as well as allows visual control over the changes in the deformation of warp threads in the machine. The use of this method makes it possible to reduce the time of measuring the deformation of one thread from 30‒40 seconds to 5‒7 seconds, which is 5‒6 times less than that in the existing one and provides measurement accuracy to at least one dozen mm. The results of this work could be applied to determine the warp thread deformation and tension on looms when making the main weave fabrics in order to reduce the uneven tension of the main threads, increase labor productivity, and improve the quality of the fabric.

Energy efficiency or energy saving is the practical implementation of scientific, technical, economic and industrial measures aimed at the efficient use of energy resources. Therefore, one of the challenges facing the textile industry is energy saving in technological processes in the production of products. To solve this problem, it is proposed to introduce into production advanced technological processes with low energy costs, the use of technological equipment equipped with electric motors with high rates of consumed electrical energy. This problem is also inherent in winders and similar machines equipped with a bobbin changer. Since most of the time of operation of these devices is wasted and, accordingly, electricity is also wasted. However, to date, these issues have not been given due attention, and studies on this subject have not been conducted. In this work, the operation of the apparatus for changing bobbins in winding and similar machines has been studied in order to reduce power consumption. As a result of the study, a mathematical model of the relationship between the operating mode and technological parameters of machines and apparatuses was obtained, which makes it possible to identify ways to eliminate shortcomings in their work. Discontinuous, on signal and sectional methods of operation of the apparatus for changing bobbins have been developed, which make it possible to reduce power consumption on winding machines by 2.8–4.2 times compared to the existing method of operation. And the autonomous method of operation of the device, proposed in the work, completely eliminates the consumption of electricity consumed by the device for changing bobbins. The results of the study can be used in spinning and weaving mills.