The bacteria bound about the same amount of silver at the time of inoculation and when added after 24 hours Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and measurements of the ζ- potential showed that several groups, mainly carboxy groups are involved in the binding and biotransformation of silver cations. Also, volatile organic compounds profiling for L. lactis, demonstrated the presence of many compounds in the free space of bacteria, which were typical products of bacterial metabolism. Finally, it can be stated that the combination of various instrumental methods used has opened up new possibilities for the interpretation of physicochemical phenomena occurring at the interface between bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-metals- bacteria. The ability of the biomass of cultures of various taxonomic groups to sorb metals is used both for purification of wastewater from metals and in the additional separation of valuable and environmentally significant metals from various wastes. In this work 48 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from various samples of desert soils of Uzbekistan under agricultural crops. As a result of screening, a strain of Streptomyces sp. 83, efficiently absorbs silver from solutions. The morphological-cultural and physiological-biochemical characteristics of the selected

Actinomycetes play an important role in soil formation and soil fertility. Improvement of soils is connected with their activity. they transform and destroy complex organic compounds (cellulose, chitin, lignin, and others) that are inaccessible to many other microorganisms. Actinomycetes are of the greatest interest for biotechnology as producers of antibiotic substances. Antagonistic activity to phytopathogens of local strains of pigment-forming actinomycetes of the genus Streptomyces isolated from various anthropogenic zones of Tashkent was shown. Active strains with high antagonistic activity to plant pathogens were selected. The results showed that the significant was the antagonistic effect of Streptomyces sp.15 to the studied phytopathogens, while the zone of no growth of pathogens reached from 22 mm to 26 mm.

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Sorbents based on microorganisms are used to solve a wide range of problems and are used for various purposes: natural purification of water bodies, determination of the level of pollution of natural waters using indicator microorganisms, treatment of wastewater contaminated with metal ions. The results showed that after 16 or more years of storage by the method of periodic reseeding, the studied cultures retained their biosorbing properties. At the same time, the culture of Str.fradia 7 showed the least activity, which sorbed 36.2% from the model solution. The most effective were 3 strains of streptomycetes - Str.griseorubiginosus 83, Str.griseocastaneus 67, Str.iyakirus 49, whose activity ranged from 65.2 to 70.6%. Biosorption of other cultures in the range of 38.8-63.4%.