Objective: To compare the fetomaternal outcome in Patwardhan technique vs "Push" method when lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) done in second stage of labor. Materials and methods: A prospective analysis of all cesarean sections performed in advanced labor with deeply waged head in VSS Medical College and Hospital, Burla, Odisha, India, during the years from April 2012 to March 2015. The cases were divided into two groups randomly; group I (deliveries by Patwardhan technique) and group II (Push method). Results: Out of 420 number of LSCS needed operation in 2nd stage of labor, in 129 cases, babies were delivered by Patwardhan technique and in 291 cases, delivery was conducted by Push method. 11.5% of cases among push/pull group had unwanted extension of uterine incision, whereas none had extension in Patwardhan group (p < 0.0001). Thirteen percent cases in group II, whereas 4.5% in group I required blood transfusion (p < 0.0001). The mean duration of hospital stay was not significantly different in both the groups (p = 0.06). There was requirement of NICU care in 23.2% cases in group I vs 28.8% in group II. Conclusion:In cases with difficult extraction of the impacted fetal head during cesarean section in second stage, Patwardhan technique is very useful in reducing fetomaternal morbidity and is the preferred method as compared to push and pull method.

Uterine fibroids (UFs), leiomyomas or myomas, are a type of malignancy that affects the smooth muscle of the uterus, and it is most commonly detected in women of reproductive age. Uterine fibroids are benign monoclonal growths that emerge from uterine smooth muscle cells (myometrium) as well as fibroblasts. Uterine fibroid symptoms include abnormal menstrual bleeding leading to anaemia, tiredness, chronic vaginal discharge, and pain during periods. Other symptoms include protrusion of the abdomen, pain during intercourse, dysfunctions of bladder/bowel leading to urinary incontinence/retention, pain, and constipation. It is also associated with reproductive issues like impaired fertility, conceiving complications, and adverse obstetric outcomes. It is the leading cause of gynaecological hospitalisation in the American subcontinent and a common reason for the hysterectomy. Twenty-five percent of the reproductive women experience the symptoms of uterine fibroids, and among them, around 25% require hospitalization due to the severity of the disease. The frequency of the disease remains underestimated as many women stay asymptomatic and symptoms appear gradually; therefore, the condition remains undiagnosed. The exact frequency of uterine fibroids varies depending on the diagnosis, and the population investigated; nonetheless, the incidence of uterine fibroids in reproductive women ranges from 5.4 percent to 77 percent. The uterine fibroid treatment included painkillers, supplementation with iron, vitamin D3, birth control, hormone therapy, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, drugs modulating the estrogen receptors, and surgical removal of the fibroids. However, more research needed at the level of gene to get a keen insight and treat the disease efficiently.

The simultaneous occurrence of intrauterine (IU) and extrauterine pregnancies is known as heterotopic pregnancy, an uncommon clinical condition that is challenging to manage. It can be a potentially fatal illness if it remains unnoticed. This is a case report of a woman who had heterotopic triplets after transferring two embryos produced through in vitro fertilization. An ultrasound scan diagnosed live interstitial heterotopic pregnancy and an intrauterine monochorionic twin pregnancy. Laparoscopic resection of interstitial heterotopic pregnancy was done. The monochorionic twin pregnancy was closely monitored by serial ultrasound, and at 36 weeks of gestation, two healthy twins were delivered by cesarean section. The fetal growth parameters were monitored, and a dopplers study was conducted to assess fetal blood flow. Even in heterotopic pregnancy, timely diagnosis and therapeutic intervention can preserve IU pregnancy with a successful outcome. Early meticulous monitoring and early detection can lead to a favorable outcome. Even in heterotropic pregnancy, a meticulous evaluation can lead to favorable outcomes by conserving IU pregnancy, and timely intervention can prevent maternal motility.

Introduction: Leiomyoma of the uterus is the most common tumor arising from uterine smooth muscle. The size varies from microscopic to giant. We report an unusual case of a large myoma with cystic degeneration mimicking an ovarian tumor.

BACKGROUND:Eclampsia is one of the most important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide Dr. J. A. Pritchard in 1955, introduced magnesium sulphate for control of convulsions in eclampsia and now magnesium sulfate is the anticonvulsant drug of choice for both prevention and treatment of eclampsia, but due to its narrow therapeutic window its dose-related toxicity is a major concern. Considering the lower body weight of Indian women than western counter part, different low dose magnesium sulphate regime has been formulated in different parts of India and Bangladesh and these modifications appeared to reduce drug toxicity. The Objective was to compare the efficacy of low dose magnesium sulphate regimen (Dhaka regimen) with standard Pritchard's regimen for management of eclampsia.