Introduction As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, health care professionals (HDPs) are facing immense strain due to the heavy load of cases. In many cases, they work increasingly long hours, often with limited resources and a dubious infrastructure. Thus, it is important to check on the mental health of caregivers. Methods and materials This cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2020, at various hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. All HCPs posted in the COVID-19 isolation wards were invited to participate and a total of 112 completed this study. A carefully structured form was created, which included the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Results The overall mean score of anxiety was 19.01 ± 9.2, depression was 18.12 ± 10, and stress was 20.12 ± 12.0. There were 81 (72.3%) participants who suffered from moderate to extremely severe depression, 96 (85.7%) participants who suffered from moderate to extremely severe anxiety, and 101 (90.1%) participants who reported moderate to extreme stress levels Conclusions It is evident that there are a high number of healthcare workers affected by various psychological ailments such as anxiety, stress, and depression. It is important that the government take steps to ensure that HCPs' mental health is regularly checked and that efforts are made to reduce their burdens.
Background: Functional Dyspepsia is a globally prevalent illness, which although not life-threatening, displays a strong influence on the quality of life. Functional Dyspepsia is essentially chronic indigestion with no obvious physical cause. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of functional dyspepsia and its association with mental and physical stress. It could have the same significant association as Irritable Bowel Syndrome has with stress. Methodology: The data were collected from 221 students from 3 medical colleges of Karachi, Pakistan. Subjects were asked to fill out questionnaires concerning demographics, lifestyle, and dietary habits. Rome III criteria was employed to identify functional dyspepsia and subsections of the Sadaf Stress Scale (SSS) was used to measure mental and physical stress. Results: Out of the 221 subjects majority were females (67.4%) with a mean age of 21.47 years. 34.8% of subjects were diagnosed to have functional dyspepsia, out of which around three quarters were females (68.5%). A moderate positive correlation was observed between functional dyspepsia and mental and physical stress. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study results that there is a high frequency of functional dyspepsia among individuals with mental and physical stress or functional dyspepsia might cause the stress.
Introduction: Androgen deficiency in relation to the increasing age is quite prevalent worldwide. However, diagnosing it in low-income countries is quite a challenge due to cost concerns. Through this study, we plan to measure the sensitivity and specificity of the Androgen Deficiency in Ageing Male (ADAM) questionnaire in the Pakistani population. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted from September 2019 to November 2019 in a Pakistani tertiary care hospital. Two hundred and fifty-five participants belonging to ages 30-69 years completed the ADAM Questionnaire in the outpatient department. Venous blood samples were taken to check serum total testosterone levels. Results: The ADAM questionnaire revealed 90.12% sensitivity, 41.3% specificity, 45.34% positive predictive value, 90.80% negative predictive value, and 61.29% accuracy in the Pakistani population. Conclusion: Low specificity and positive predictive value have been shown by the ADAM questionnaire. Hence, it cannot be used as a diagnostic tool to detect androgen deficiency, replacing the blood sample.
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary blast proliferation of immature cells of myeloid origin. It is commonly associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), and may precede, coincide with, or follow the diagnosis of a myeloid disorder. MS treatment is controversial, but AML induction like regimens is usually recommended. We present an unusual case of de novo TP53 mutated MDS/MPN overlap with bladder MS. Due to the high-risk nature of the disease, the patient was induced with decitabine and venetoclax combination therapy, resulting in complete remission. The response was further consolidated by an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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