Introduction: Gestational trophoblastic diseases, because of their diverse presentation and the malignant lesions being associated with recurrence, metastasis, and mortality, early diagnosis is important with the help of ultrasonogram preoperatively, serial Beta human chorionic gonadotropin, and histopathological examination for prompt treatment and timely management of the patients. The study aimed to identify the overall prevalence and relative frequencies of Gestational trophoblastic diseases and to assess the association of different gestational trophoblastic diseases with maternal age, parity, and gestational age.Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted for five years from January 2016 to December 2020 in the Department of Pathology, and Department of gynecology and obstetrics of Dhulikhel Hospital, Kavre Nepal. This study included a spectrum of gestational trophoblastic diseases. All the details were obtained from the patient’s record file and register book. Results: Out of 65 cases, the most common was Hydatidiform mole with 59 (90.78%) cases. Bleeding per vagina was the most common clinical presentation. The most commonly affected age group was 21-25 years. Most of the gestational trophoblastic diseases were detected in the first trimester and primigravida.Conclusions: Any pregnant woman presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding should be evaluated for the presence of underlying Gestational trophoblastic disease. Beta-hCG is a sensitive marker, however, histopathology remains a gold standard modality for the detection of gestational trophoblastic diseases. The judicious use of ultrasonograms and appropriate clinicopathological approach helps the clinician to decide the treatment modalities, especially between evacuation and hysterectomy.

Introduction: Soft tissue tumors (STTs) are a diverse group of neoplasms. It varies from the most common benign tumors to some self-limited lesions and rare malignant soft tissue tumors. Because of the overlap in their clinical and radiological characteristics, histopathology is crucial in determining their diagnosis. Objectives: To study the relative frequencies of types of soft tissue tumors (benign, intermediate and malignant) as well as their histological pattern in relation to age, gender and site of distribution. Methodology: This was a retrospective study conducted over a period of three years from January 2018 to December 2020 in the Department of Pathology, Dhulikhel Hospital, Kavre Nepal. This study included STTs of all the anatomical sites excluding STTs of the female reproductive system. The tumors were classified as benign, intermediate, or malignant using the WHO 2013 classification of soft tissue and bone tumors. The sarcomas were further graded into grades 1, 2, and 3 using the FNCLCC (French Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer) grading system. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and special staining procedures were also performed as and when required.  Result: A total of 198 STTs were studied, of which benign cases were 191 (96.45%), intermediate 03 (1.52%) and malignant 04 (2.03%) in number. The most common type of STTs was vascular tumors 77(38.89%) followed by adipocytic tumors 52(26.26%) and nerve sheath tumors 13(6.56%). STTs were most common in the third decade of life, with the head and neck region       being the commonest site.  All four malignant tumors were categorized using the FNCLCC grading system. There were three cases of Grade 2 sarcoma and one case of Grade 3 sarcoma. Conclusion: The most common benign tumors were vascular tumors followed by adipocytic tumors and nerve sheath tumors. STTs were most common in the third decade of life. Benign tumors were more common than malignant tumors.  In comparison to malignant tumors, benign tumors were found at a younger age group. STTs were found mainly in the head and neck region followed by upper and lower limbs. Despite the fact that molecular diagnostics is gaining popularity in the field of soft tissue tumors, histopathology still remains the gold standard.

Appendiceal carcinoids are the most frequent tumors arising from the appendix, comprising between 32 and 57% of all the appendiceal tumors. The gross appearance of the appendix showed perforation at the tip with 30 ml of peri-appendicular collection. On histopathological examination, carcinoid tumor on the tip of appendix was found with tumor cells arranged in tubules, acini and nests infiltrating the muscularis propria and sub serosa. Perineural and vascular invasion was not seen. Immunohistochemistry for Synaptophysin was positive with Ki-67 labelling index of 2%. We present a case of appendiceal neuroendocrine tumor with the chief complaint of acute appendicitis.