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Humeral supracondylar fractures are the second most common fractures seen in children and young teenagers (16.6%). They represent 60-70% of all the elbow fractures. The maximum incidence is found between the fifth and seventh year of age, slightly more often in boys and on non-dominant hand.We performed a retrospective study in our clinic which included 105 patients admitted to our facility during the period from January, 2008 to April, 2012. The included patients had humeral supracondylar fracture either type 2 or type 3 (Gartland classification). At the moment of admission the median age was 7.26 years. All the patients were treated during the first 12 hours, with no more than two attempts of closed reposition. Sixteen patients with type 2 fracture were treated by analgosedation, closed reduction followed by cast immobilization. All other patients were treated after induction of general anesthesia. Sixteen patients were treated by percutaneous fixation of the fragments after closed reduction and 73 were treated with open reduction and pinning with different number and positions of "К" wires.None of the patients had deep tissue infection; four patients had pin site infection. Three patients had cubitus varus deformity, two patients had elbow contracture, five patients had temporary limitation in extension, and one patient had iatrogenic lesion of the ulnar nerve. This makes 14.2% complication rate in our series. All the fractures healed in the expected period (3-4 weeks). Bauman's angle, carrying angle and functional factor were measured postoperatively.Closed reposition with pinning, using radiographic control, for the dislocated supracondylar humeral fractures is the safest, as well as the least time consuming and cost-effective method. We also suggest treating these fractures within 12 hours and conversion of closed into open reposition in case of lacking crepitations (possibility of interposition of soft tissues between fragments).

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle is a rare clinical entity, first described in 1910. We report on a 15 year old girl, who presented with a painless lump over mid-portion of right clavicle at her routine newborn examination, which was subsequently diagnosed as a congenital pseudarthrosis when she got into adolescence period. Here we explore its pathogenesis, elaborate on its diagnoses and differential diagnoses in paediatric patients, and comment on its distinct treatment.

Early detection of cerebral palsy and minimal neurological deficit symptoms in newborns and infants is of crucial importance since it enables timely inclusion of children in neurodevelopmental treatment which contributes to the improvement of motor functional status at a later age, taking into account a biological phenomenon known as "brain plasticity". Conventional methods of neurological assessment of newborns and infants include neurological examination, quantitative assessment of motor functions using scales and tests, and utilization of additional diagnostic neuroimaging procedures as well. All the aforementioned methods are absolutely necessary for wider use in clinical practice as well. They enable fast diagnosis of neurological disorders and fast detection of central nervous system impairments, but they also share a common defect-inability of making adequate prognosis of neurological deficits. Thanks to Prechtl's Method based on qualitative assessment of spontaneous motor activity, specific neurological patterns that are excellent predictors of a child's neurological development can be defined even in the prenatal stage, as well as after birth in preterm and term newborns. The aim of the paper is to review literature data on the possibilities and importance of Prechtl's method in comparison to other conventional methods for ultra-early identification of newborns and infants at risk of the development of permanent neurological deficit-cerebral palsy and/or minimal neurological dysfunction. Prechtl's method is the most sensitive and specific clinical diagnostic procedure for the assessment of future neurological outcomes in high-risk newborns and infants.