The paper presents and analyzes the state-of-the-art machine learning techniques that can be applied as a decision-support system in the estimation of resource consumption in the construction of reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete road bridges. The formed database on the consumption of concrete in the construction of bridges, along with their project characteristics, was the basis for the formation of the assessment model. The models were built using information from 181 reinforced concrete bridges in the eastern and southern branches of Corridor X in Serbia, with a value of more than 100 million euros. The application of artificial neural network models (ANNs), models based on regression trees (RTs), models based on support vector machines (SVM), and Gaussian processes regression (GPR) were analyzed. The accuracy of each model is determined by multi-criterion evaluation against four accuracy criteria root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (R), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). According to all established criteria, the model based on GPR demonstrated the greatest accuracy in calculating the concrete consumption of bridges. According to the study, using automatic relevance determination (ARD) covariance functions results in the most accurate and optimal models and also makes it possible to see how important each input variable is to the model’s accuracy.
In current practice, the remediation of landslides has shown that the biggest problem is the increase in the number of works, and therefore the price of the works. This is due to several factors, including characteristic of the soil, such as the collapse (collapse) of the surrounding ground around the main slide during landslide remediation. Unless these soil erosion effects are taken into account, recovery costs will overrun, which can jeopardize the planned budget. This paper presents a multi-criteria optimization of landslide remediation using the PROMETHEE method and determines the optional number of walls for the additional soil erosion. In a case study on examples of real landslides in the Republic of Serbia, the application of the method is presented and appropriate conclusions are drawn.
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