Social pedagogy in the context of the practice-oriented approach has not yet received its full validation in the system of professional training of teachers in the field of protecting children’s rights. Why did it become necessary to develop a system of continuing education for teachers in children welfare? As practice shows, there has been an urgent need for teachers with knowledge and experience in the field of protecting the rights of children in the education system in the last decade, such as: a guardianship and custodianship specialist in the municipal education system; a secretary of the commission for minors’ affairs and the protection of their rights in the administration of municipalities, a social teacher for working with the family in a comprehensive school, an educator for orphans (an orphanage, a boarding school, a centre for helping children, a special school and others), an adoption specialist or a foster parent support specialist, a teacher for working with deviant and delinquent children by means of physical culture and sports in the system of secondary vocational education and others. It is vitally important nowadays to train a specialist who is able to think globally and act locally, that is, who is able to solve state problems at the local level and has the required professional competencies.

The article focuses on studying the phenomenon of “hardiness” of orphans and children left without parental care, reveals the level of hardiness qualities in adolescent orphans of senior high school. The components of hardiness are shown and the main directions in its study are highlighted. It has been proved that hardiness is directly interconnected with many positive personal characteristics and contributes to health preservation and increased efficiency. The author comes to the following conclusions: - resilience is one of the most powerful resources that contribute to improving the physical and mental health of orphans and children left without parental care for successful adaptation in stressful situations and solving difficult life situations; - in the course of conducting an empirical study, it was found that about 70% of orphans of the pre-graduation and final classes have a low or below average level of readiness for post-international socialization; - of particular importance are the issues of the need to create a set of measures (training programs, teacher mentoring programs, etc.) to improve the overall level of resilience, as well as its components for the most favorable post-international socialization of orphans.

The processes of precarization actively developing at the present time are examined in this article. Precarization is considered to be the process of increasing the importance of atypical employment forms, accompanied by a decrease in the level of realization of labor rights and social protection of workers. The particular attention is paid to the problems of strengthening the precarization processes in the context of the development of various forms of labor activity organization based on the use of digital technologies. The most striking manifestation of the regulation lack of labor rights and, as a result, the development of precarization processes is manifested in relation to those categories of workers who offer their services to the consumer through “online platforms”. In this way, the article substantiates the need to separate these employees into a separate category and, as a result, the implementation of legal regulation of their rights and obligations, as well as the peculiarities of interaction with employers. At the same time, this article states the necessity of ensuring the adaptive orientation of the development of legal regulation systems of labor relations, which should be a barrier to the development of precarization processes in the context of the digital transformation of the entire socio-economic system.