The purpose of this article is to focus on the main prerequisites for the increasing nationalism among some of the Member States in the European Union and its impact in terms of solidarity, law, and security. In recent years, a number of events and processes have unlocked the growth of nationalism and the increase of its public support as a response to the fear of replacing the values and identity of European societies. For example, the disproportionate migratory pressures "woke up" in some European societies a legitimate fear for their national identity. It is now the time to offer legal mechanisms that are flexible enough for sharing security and finding a balance between the national and European interest in order to avoid a revival of extreme nationalism.

Since 2011 a sustainable growth of illegal immigrants in the EU has been observed. As a result, Bulgaria has become one of the most affected member states of the EU. This article aims to research the main factors, resulted from the illegal immigration, which are changing the national security environment in Bulgaria. This paper is focused on the improvement of legal and political mechanisms for cooperation between the EU member states, coming from the Common asylum and immigration policy and building of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice in the EU.

The prevalence of the COVID 19 virus from an epidemic evolved into a pandemic and that was proclaimed by the WHO. Managing health problems has inherently come in a direct connection with a range of systems and industries such as health, economy, and national security. The measures that are taken to curb the virus have had an extremely adverse effect on the EU and its Member States, which are among the most affected ones. Achievements such as the common market and internal security that are built on the free movement of the four freedoms are limited for the first time in a way that affects the whole Union and its Member States. In most of the EU Member States state of emergency is established and the governments apply restrictive measures. The article examines the impact of the health problem and the achievements of the common market and concludes further normalization of free movement in the EU. The economic effects of the COVID pandemic will prevent emerging countries from providing key services. This will lead to trust undermining in government and internal security challenges.

This article addresses the large number of cases brought by Ukraine before different international courts and tribunals against the Russian Federation following the inclusion of Crimea in Russia and the military conflicts in Eastern Ukraine that ensued. The initiation of numerous legal proceedings is presented as a part of an overall Ukrainian strategy to respond to the loss of Crimea, both in order to obtain specific legal remedies and to draw international attention to its cause. The characteristics of the Ukrainian-Russian proceedings that stem from the political significance of this conflict are addressed. The implications of these cases for international law, and the constraints on the existing system of international justice that have been revealed are also evaluated. It is shown that Ukraine often faces difficulties establishing a jurisdictional basis for its claims. Russia's reluctance to submit the disputes to examination by international courts, manifested in its frequent challenging of their jurisdiction, is explained both by the fact that it is aware of its violations and anticipates adverse judgments, and that it may regard such courts as somewhat hostile towards it. These phenomena are analysed in the larger context of the trend in international politics towards a declining trust in international cooperation.

СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРОДВИЖЕНИЯ УСЛУГ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ТУРИЗМА В РОССИИ © 2017Н.А. Восколович, доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры экономики труда и персонала экономического факультета Н.Г. Марьин, магистрант экономического факультета Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова, Москва (Россия) Ключевые слова: экологический туризм; продвижение услуг туризма; национальный информационный туристс-кий портал.Аннотация: Актуальность проблематики исследования обусловлена процессами, происходящими в мировом туризме: с одной стороны, дифференциацией видов туризма и ростом многообразия предлагаемых туристских продуктов и услуг, создающими предпосылки для представительного выбора, с другой стороны, расширением использования информационных технологий, позволяющих потенциальным туристам самостоятельно организо-вать путешествия. В статье дается обзор отечественного и зарубежного опыта, посвященного изучению этой про-блемы. Рассматриваются особенности традиционных сетевых технологий, таких как баннерная реклама, массовые рассылки по электронной почте, контекстная и прямая реклама в интернете, сайты туристских посредников, дает-ся оценка их полезности по материалам выборочных опросов. В ходе исследования установлено, что именно не-достаточное внимание к вопросам продвижения, в т.ч. посредством использования информационных технологий, сдерживает переход на качественно новый уровень развития экологического туризма. Обобщен прогрессивный опыт Швеции -одного из мировых лидеров в организации продвижения экологического туризма посредством создания его устойчивого образа на основе сертификации туристских ресурсов и использования национального интернет-портала.На основе проведенного анализа обоснована целесообразность более активного продвижения и популяризации услуг экологического туризма посредством формирования единой общероссийской системы бронирования и опла-ты туристских услуг, мобильного приложения с доступом к единому национальному интернет-порталу, онлайн-бронированию и оплате услуг. Результаты проведенного анализа свидетельствуют о необходимости усиления вни-мания к экологическому туризму на региональном уровне в целевых программах и кластерных проектах.