Magnesium borate (MB) is a technical ceramic exhibiting high heat resistance, corrosion resistance, great mechanical strength, great insulation properties, lightweightness, high strength, and a high coefficient of elasticity. Zinc borate (ZB) can be used as a multifunctional synergistic additive in addition to flame retardant additives in polymers. In this study, the raw materials of zinc oxide (ZnO), magnesium oxide (MgO), and boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) were used in the mole ratio of 1 : 1 : 9, which was obtained from preexperiments. Using the starting materials, hydrothermal synthesis was applied, and characterisation of the products was performed using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopies. The forms of Zn 3 B 6 O 12 ⋅3.5H 2 O, MgO(B 2 O 3 ) 3 ⋅7(H 2 O), and Mg 2 (B 6 O 7 (OH) 6 ) 2 ⋅9(H 2 O) were synthesised successfully. Moreover, the surface morphology was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the B 2 O 3 content was determined. In addition, the reaction yields were calculated. The results of the B 2 O 3 content analysis were in compliance with the literature values. Examination of the SEM images indicated that the obtained nanoscale minerals had a reaction efficiency ranging between 63-74% for MB and 87-98% for ZB. Finally, the fire-retarding properties of the synthesised pure MBs, pure ZBs, and mixtures of MB and ZB were determined using differential thermal analysis and thermal gravimetry (DTA-TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).

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In this study, zinc borate (ZB) was synthesized by reacting zinc oxide and boric acid in the presence of standard ZB (w/w, in terms of boric acid) in order to promote crystallization. The effects of seed, H₃BO₃/ZnO (boric acid/zinc oxide) ratio, reaction time, water volume, reaction temperature and cooling temperature on yield were investigated for pilot-scale equipment. The results indicated that the addition of seed (w/w) to a saturated solution of reactants increased the yield of the reaction. The results of reaction yields obtained from either magnetically or mechanically stirred systems were compared. At various reaction times, the optimal yield was 86.78 % in a saturated aqueous solution. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric / Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA). The results displayed that ZB was successfully produced under the optimized reaction conditions and the product synthesized had high thermal stability.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.2.4432

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