Objective At present, cholecystectomy is carried out for thalassaemia patients with gall stone disease only if they develop symptoms of cholecystitis, except in the rare instance where an un-inflammed gall bladder is removed simultaneously with splenectomy. We carried out this retrospective analysis of case records to examine if patients with thalassaemia have a higher rate of peri operative complications compared to non-thalassaemics with gall stone disease, warranting a change of policy to justify elective cholecystectomy. Results Case records of 540 patients with thalassaemia were retrospectively analysed of which 98 were found to have gallstones. Records of 62 patients without thalassaemia with gall stone disease too were used for comparison. 19 of patients with thalassaemia and 52 of non-thalassaemic who had gallstones had undergone cholecystectomy. In all but 5 patients with thalassaemia cholecystectomy was done following attacks of acute cholecystitis as was the case in the non-thalassaemic controls. A significantly higher proportion of early and late complications had occurred in thalassaemia patients compared to non-thalassaemic patients post operatively. Six deaths related to sepsis following acute cholecystitis in the peri operative period were reported among 19 thalassaemia patients whereas no deaths were reported among 55 non-thalassaemic patients who underwent cholecystectomy for gallstones.

Management of liver abscesses in patients with thalassaemia is a challenge due to difficult venous access, other organ dysfunction, diabetes mellitus and etc. Here we report four thalassaemia patients with liver abscess where three of them had presented repeatedly with liver abscesses and three of them developed Covid-19 infection as well followed by a mini review of previously reported cases.