No abstract

No abstract

The purpose of the study was to present an automated module for the calibration of urban drainage system models. A prepared tool based on the Open Water Analytics toolkit included 12 additional calibration parameters as compared to the existing similar solutions. The module included a gradient optimization method that allowed adjustment of up to five parameters simultaneously, and a trial-and-error method that provided the possibility of testing one or two parameters. The user interface was built in MS Excel to simplify use of the developed tool. The user can select preferable parameters for calibration, choose the optimization method, and determine the limits for the calculated values. The performance and functionality of the automatic calibration module was tested in two scenarios using the drainage model of a 10 ha heavily developed area in Tallinn, Estonia. The calibration results revealed that the maximum deviation between the modelled and measured flow rates was less than 5% for both cases. This is a reasonably good fit for drainage models, which typically encounter numerous uncertainties. Therefore, it was concluded that the module can be successfully used for calibrating hydraulic models created in SWMM5.

Abstract Stormwater runoff from urban catchments is affected by the changing climate and rapid urban development. Intensity of rainstorms is expected to increase in Northern Europe, and sealing off surfaces reduces natural stormwater management. Both trends increase stormwater peak runoff volume that urban stormwater systems (UDS) have to tackle. Pipeline systems have typically limited capacity, therefore measures must be foreseen to reduce runoff from new developed areas to existing UDS in order to avoid surcharge. There are several solutions available to tackle this challenge, e.g. low impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP) or stormwater real time control measures (RTC). In our study, a new concept of a smart in-line storage system is developed and evaluated on the background of traditional in-line and off-line detention solutions. The system is operated by real time controlled actuators with an ability to predict rainfall dynamics. This solution does not need an advanced and expensive centralised control system; it is easy to implement and install. The concept has been successfully tested in a 12.5 ha urban development area in Tallinn, the Estonian capital. Our analysis results show a significant potential and economic feasibility in the reduction of peak flow from dense urban areas with limited free construction space.

No abstract