No abstract

Using prefabricated structure in lightweight construction is the new method in both industry and civil engineering. Lightweight Steel Frame (LSF) becomes more valuable in the construction industry due to low cost, low weight, high speed of installation and resistance to environmental conditions. Cold-rolled form lightweight load-bearing wall is consisting of a thin sheet of steel with C-shaped sections (STUD), thermal insulation filler and cover sheets (Plaster Board). However, regardless of existing plasterboard protection the thin-walled steel sections heat up quickly and lose their strength under fire conditions. The main goal of the current study is an evaluation of thermal capacity and bearing strength of lightweight walls in terms of cellulosic fire condition analytically. The variable parameters are insulation filler materials (polystyrene, polystyrene concrete) and axial load. The Abaqus finite element software was used for modeling and analyzing of fire loads. Lightweight concrete fillers increase the axial bearing capacity of walls sustainably and polystyrene filler improved the fire resistance of walls.

The industries of Cement and glass are dealing with a variety of demanding situations due to the excessive factories gases emissions, the extensive use of power and the intensive use of the earth’s natural resources. The temporary landfills of dumping waste glass are now not providing a friendly environment, because of waste glass particle are nonbiodegradable. Furthermore, the chemical structure and the pozzolanic characteristics of waste glass are inspiring for using this waste in the cement industries and urban industries and to provide an environmentally friendly answer for the glass and cement industries. Thus, it can be used as a partial cement replacement in Portland cement concrete or as a partial replacement in the form of waste glass powder (WGP) or as waste glass sludge (WGS). The use of glass powder in Portland cement concrete does have some negative impact on characteristics of the concrete; however, waste glass in its crushed condition can be use in about 100 % and it can still be a practical applicability. This paper reviews the unusual uses of waste glass in cement and concrete and the effect of thermal and pozzolanic activity on the properties of waste glass the impact of the glass characteristics on the durability and performance of the produced cement and concrete.

Recently, many different techniques for health monitoring of structure are developed with aim of monitoring the stability of structure with high accuracy and low cost. Nowadays, by advancing technology in the civil engineering field many infrastructures and megastructure are constructed such as towers, dams, bridges and etc. Evaluation of the building stability is complicated in the structure with a complex configuration which led the structural health monitoring process as a challenging issue to ensure the function of the structure during the operation period. To evaluate the serviceability and strength of the building, the subject experts have made a number of attempts to develop damage detection techniques for special building, for example, high-rise building, towers, bridges and dams besides exhibitingeconomical and practical techniques about structural health monitoring systems. In structural assessment procedures, one of the well-known damage detection techniques is referred to as the change of natural frequencies. In addition, many researchers are frequently using the machine learning methods in SHM for identification of damage. Hence, by using these methods, a summary regarding monitoring of special building through frequency domain response of the structure is presented by this study.