Background: Aim of current study was to study the fetomaternal outcome in cases of oligohydramnios admitted in the labour room for delivery. Methods: A prospective hospital based study was conducted at Sharda hospital, school of medical sciences and research, Sharda University, Greater Noida. The study was undertaken over a period of two years from April 2012 to March 2014. Cases of oligohydramnios (AFI ≤5 cm) detected ultrasonographically at the time of admission in labour room were included in the study. The inclusion criteria for the purpose were: 28 completed weeks of gestation with singleton live pregnancy, intact membranes and no foetal anomalies. Data regarding bio-social characteristics, maternal and perinatal outcome were collected and results were analysed. 40 cases (with similar age and parity profile, as study cases) were taken as control. Results: There were 1342 deliveries during the study period. 41 cases were detected to have oligohydramnios. Majority of the cases (80.49%) in the study group belonged to the age group of 20-30 years. Incidence of associated maternal and foetal complications was higher in cases with oligohydramnios. Perinatal mortality was 9.76%. Fetal heart rate abnormalities were observed in 19.51% cases at the time of admission. Low Apgar score was seen in 19.51% neonates and 36.59% neonates were admitted in NICU. Conclusions: Oligohydramnios is being detected more often these days, due to routinely performed obstetric ultrasonography. In the present study, cases with AFI of ≤5 presenting for delivery (after 28 weeks of gestation), were studied. Babies were relatively more prone for complications.

Background: Objective of current study was to evaluate the feasibility of performing vaginal hysterectomy for nonprolapsed uterus as a primary route. Methods: A hospital based prospective study was conducted at department of obstetrics and gynaecology of SMS & R from 1 st January 2011 to 31 st August 2014. All the patients undergoing non-descent vaginal hysterectomy for benign indication, without suspected adnexal pathology were included in the study. Vaginal hysterectomy was done in usual manner. In bigger size uterus morcellation techniques like bisection, debulking, myomectomy, slicing, or combination of these were used to remove the uterus. Data regarding age, parity, uterine size, estimated blood loss, length of operation, complication and hospital stay were recorded. Results: A total of 105 cases were selected for non-descent vaginal hysterectomy. All 105 cases successfully underwent non-descent vaginal hysterectomy. Commonest age group was (41-45 years) i.e. 48.6%. All patients were parous. Uterus size was <8 weeks in 72 cases and >8 weeks in 33 cases. Commonest indication was AUB (45.7%). Mean duration of surgery was 90 minutes. Mean blood loss was 205 ml. The most common complication was postoperative pain in 21.9% of cases. Febrile morbidity was present in 9.5% of cases. Blood transfusion was required in 4 cases. Average duration of hospital stay was four days. Conclusions: Vaginal hysterectomy for benign gynecological causes other than prolapse is safe and feasible, more economical and effective. For successful outcome size of uterus, size in all dimensions and location of fibroid should be taken into consideration. Today in the era of minimally invasive surgery, non-descent vaginal hysterectomy needs to be considered and seems to be a safe option.

Background: COVID 19 is a new pandemic affecting human life globally. Complexity in management is because little is known about effect of COVID 19, particularly its effect on pregnant women and infants. Pregnant women with comorbidities are more vulnerable to severe effects of COVID 19 infection. The aim of this retrospective study is to review the perinatal outcome in pregnant women affected by COVID 19. Materials and Methods: This was a single centre retrospective comparative study performed at COVID referral centre. The study was conducted in 4 months duration in patients diagnosed COVID 19 positive and were compared with all pregnant women who were tested COVID negative and delivered during the same time frame. Data collected from individual case records included age, parity and complications in the antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum periods and also neonatal outcome. Results: Out of 28 patients there were 6 (21.4%) patients who presented with fever, 4 (14.3%) patients presented with cough, 2 (7.14%) patients presented with shortness of breath, 14 (50%) were asymptomatic who were incidentally diagnosed on COVID testing based on routine hospital testing policy. Mean age was 25.35 ± 3.31 years in COVID positive patients and was comparable to COVID negative patients who had mean age of 26.16 ± 3.32 years. Parity was comparable in two groups. 8 (28.5%) out of 28 had preterm delivery as compared to 13 (11.6%) out of 112 in COVID negative group, p value was significant (p=0.0245. In COVID positive group 18 (64.3%) out of 28 had c-section, whereas 40 (35.7%) out of 112 underwent cesarean section (p=0.006). Conclusion:There has been increase in preterm delivery in COVID positive pregnant women. This study emphasize on the need for regular antenatal and medical follow up and good perinatal care for COVID positive mothers.

Objective(s):To evaluate the effectiveness of uterine balloon therapy for the treatment of menorrhagia and to determine its prognostic factors. Method(s): Seventy five patients were treated with uterine balloon therapy with thermachoice II for intractable menorrhagia without detectable pathology and the results were statistically analyzed regarding procedure efficacy, safety, side effects and prognostic factors at follow-up periods of one month, three months, six months and 12 months. Results(s): After undergoing uterine balloon therapy, 41.30% patients attained eumenorrhea, 30.43% hypomenorrhea and 15.21% amenorrhea at the end of 12 months follow-up. Retroverted uterus, prolonged duration of menstruation, endometrial thickness of at least 9mm and uterine depth >10 cm were associated with an increased risk of treatment failure. Conclusion(s): Uterine balloon therapy is an efficient and reliable modality to treat women with intractable menorrhagia especially those who have completed their families but do not want to part with their uterus which of course is without any organic pathology.