ResumoIntrodução: eventos traumáticos na infância podem afetar significativamente a vida do indivíduo, aumentando a probabilidade do desenvolvimento de transtornos mentais no futuro. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de traumas vividos por adolescentes, alunos de uma escola pública de Salvador. Metodologia: avaliação da frequência de traumas sofridos na infância, utilizando-se o Questionário sobre Traumas na Infância em 274 sujeitos, alunos de escola pública, com idades entre 12 e 17 anos, no contexto de um ensaio clínico sobre a eficácia do Treinamento Cognitivo Processual em Grupo, para prevenção de transtornos de ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes. Resultados: 92,7% dos adolescentes sofreram algum tipo de abuso na infância. Dentre os três tipos de abuso investigados, a prevalência do abuso emocional foi de 90,87%, a de abuso físico, de 42,34% e a de abuso sexual, de 11,67%. Os abusos foram mais frequentes no sexo masculino do que no feminino. Conclusão: a investigação sobre traumas sofridos na infância possibilita melhor compreensão da etiologia dos transtornos psiquiátricos e ratifica a necessidade do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de proteção a crianças e adolescentes. Palavras-chave:Traumas. Infância. Abuso Emocional. Abuso Físico. Abuso Sexual Infantil. Transtornos Mentais. AbstractBackground: traumatic events in childhood can significantly affect the life of an individual, increasing the likelihood of developing mental disorders in the future. Objective: to determine the prevalence of trauma experienced by adolescents from a public school in Salvador. Methodology: assessment of the frequency of traumas in childhood, using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) in 274 adolescents from a public school, aged 12 to 17 years old, in the context of a clinical trial on the efficacy of Group Trial-Based Cognitive Training (G-TBCT) in preventing anxiety and depression in adolescents. Results: 92.7% experienced some form of childhood abuse. Among the three types of abuse that were investigated, the prevalence of emotional abuse was 90.87%, physical abuse was 42.34% and sexual abuse was 11.67%. Abuse was more frequent in males than in females. Conclusion: research on trauma suffered during childhood leads to a better understanding of the etiology of psychiatric disorders and confirms the need to develop public policies to protect children and adolescents.
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