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Cement has been well documented to positively affect the early-age strength of the cement asphalt emulsion mixtures (termed as CAEM) without compromising workability. However, the long-term performance of the CAEM incorporating multiple cement combinations is not conclusive. This study explored the effect of the combined usage of ordinary portland cement (OPC) and sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) on the long-term performance and microstructural properties of a CAEM system in detail. Three tasks were conducted, including (1) designing six CAEM formulations by introducing different types (OPC and SAC) and contents (2-6 wt%) of cement; (2) evaluating the long-term performance by moisture susceptibility, frost damage, abrasion resistance, and rutting resistance; and (3) characterizing the microstructural properties by scanning electron microscopes and energy-dispersive spectrometers. The experimental results revealed that the relative dynamic elastic modulus of CAEM was increased to 69.7% when admixing 90 wt% OPC and 10 wt% SAC. The mixture incorporating 90 wt% OPC and 10 wt% SAC demonstrated excellent rutting resistance up to ~31,000 cycles/mm of dynamic stability. The improved long-term performance actually originated from the reduced voids and produced a dense microstructure. The outcomes could facilitate tailoring CEAM products with better long-term performance.