Objective : To evaluate the long-term consequences of survivors with COVID-19 one year after recovery, and to identify the risk factors associated with abnormal patterns in chest imaging manifestations, or impaired lung function. Methods : COVID-19 patients were recruited and prospectively followed up with symptoms, HRQoL (health-related quality of life), psychological questionnaires, 6MWT (6-minute walking test), chest CT, PFTs and blood tests. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between the clinical characteristics and the chest CT abnormalities or the pulmonary function. Results : Ninety-four patients with COVID-19 were recruited between January 16 and February 6, 2021. Muscle fatigue and insomnia were the most common symptoms. Chest CT scan were abnormal in 71.28% of participants. Results of multivariable regression showed an increase odd in age. Ten patients had impairment of DLCO (diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide). Urea nitrogen concentration on admission was significantly associated with impaired DLCO. The level of IgG and the neutralizing activity were significantly lower compared with those at the early phase. Conclusions : One year after hospitalization for COVID-19, a cohort of survivors were mainly troubled with muscle fatigue and insomnia. Pulmonary structural abnormalities and pulmonary diffusion capacities were highly prevalent in surviving COVID-19 patients. It is necessary to intervene main target population for long-term recovery.

IMPORTANCE Transition from hospital to nursing home is a high-risk period for adverse events in long-term care (LTC) residents. Adverse events include harms from medical care, including failure to provide appropriate care.OBJECTIVE To report the incidence, type, severity, and preventability of adverse events in LTC residents transitioning from hospital back to the same LTC facility. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSProspective cohort study of LTC residents discharged from hospital back to LTC from March 1, 2016, to December 31, 2017, and followed up for 45 days. In a random sample of 32 nursing homes located in 6 New England states, 555 LTC residents were selected, contributing 762 transitions from hospital back to the same LTC facility. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe main outcome was an adverse event within the 45-day period after transition from hospital back to nursing home. Trained nurse abstractors reviewed nursing home records for the period, and then 2 physicians independently reviewed each potential adverse event to determine whether harm occurred and to characterize the type, severity, and preventability of each event. When reviewers disagreed, they met to reach consensus. RESULTSOf the 555 individual residents, 365 (65.6%) were female, and the mean (SD) age at the time of discharge was 82.2 (11.5) years. Five hundred twenty (93.7%) were non-Hispanic white, 21 (3.8%) were non-Hispanic black, 9 (1.6%) were Hispanic, and 5 (0.9%) were of other non-Hispanic race/ethnicity. In the cohort, there were 379 adverse events among 762 discharges. One hundred ninety-seven events (52.0%) related to resident care, with pressure ulcers, skin tears, and falls with injury representing the most common types of events in this category. Health care-acquired infections (108 [28.5%]) and adverse drug events (64 [16.9%]) were the next most common. One hundred ninety-eight (52.2%) adverse events were characterized as less serious. However, 145 (38.3%) events were deemed serious, 28 (7.4%) life-threatening, and 8 (2.1%) fatal. In terms of preventability, 267 (70.4%) adverse events were found to be preventable or ameliorable, with less serious events more often considered preventable or ameliorable (146 [73.7%]) compared with more severe events (121 [66.9%]). In addition, resident care-related adverse events such as fall with injury, skin tear, and pressure ulcer were more commonly deemed preventable (173 of 197 [87.8%]) compared with adverse drug events (39 of 64 [60.9%]) or health care-acquired infections (49 of 108 [45.4%]).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Adverse events developed in nearly 4 of 10 of discharges from hospital back to LTC. Most were preventable or ameliorable. Standardized reporting of events and better coordination and information transfer across settings are potential ways to prevent adverse events in LTC residents.

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SUMMARY Topographies have significant effects on seismic waves. The wavefunction expansion method has been frequently employed to study the topographic effect because this method can reveal the physics of the wave scattering and can testify the accuracy of numerical methods. The 2‐D scattering and diffraction of plane SH waves induced by a non‐symmetrical V‐shaped canyon is examined here by using the wavefunction expansion method. Through a new domain decomposition strategy, the half‐space containing a V‐shaped canyon is divided into three subregions. Then the wavefield for every subregion is constructed in terms of an infinite series of wavefunctions with unknown coefficients in three coordinate systems, respectively. After that, three wavefields are all represented in the same coordinate system using the Graf addition theorem. The unknown coefficients are obtained by satisfying the continuity conditions of the auxiliary boundary. The proposed series solution of wavefunctions for a non‐symmetrical V‐shaped canyon can be reduced to a symmetrical case. Results in this study for the symmetrical case agree very well with those in the published literature. To show the effects of the non‐symmetrical‐geometry topography on the surface ground motion, a parametric study is carried out in the frequency domain. Surface and subsurface transient responses in the time domain demonstrate the phenomenon of wave propagating and scattering. Finally, the proposed model is successfully applied to two idealized cross sections of Pacoima canyon and Feitsui canyon.