Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) encompass a diverse array of lymphocyte subsets with unique phenotype that initiate inflammation and provide host defenses in specific microenvironments. In this report we identify a rare human CD4+CD3− innate-like lymphoid population with high TNF expression that is enriched in blood from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. These CD4+CD3− cells belong to the T cell lineage but the lack of antigen receptor at the cell surface renders them nonresponsive to TCR-directed stimuli. By developing a culture system that sustains survival, we show that CD4+CD3− innate-like T cells display IL-7-dependent induction of surface lymphotoxin-αβ (LTαβ) demonstrating their potential to modify tissue microenvironments. Furthermore, expression of CCR6 on CD4+CD3− population defines a CD127high subset that is highly responsive to IL-7. This CD4+CD3− population is enriched in the peripheral blood from rheumatoid arthritis patients suggesting a link to their involvement in chronic inflammatory disease.

Molecular conformations induced by the rotation about single bonds play a crucial role in chemical transformations. Revealing the relationship between the conformations of chiral catalysts and the enantiodiscrimination is a formidable challenge due to the great difficulty in isolating the conformers. Herein, we report a chiral catalytic system composed of an achiral catalytically active unit and an axially chiral 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) unit which are connected via a C–O single bond. The two conformers of the catalyst induced by the rotation about the C–O bond, are determined via single-crystal X-ray diffraction and found to respectively lead to the formation of highly important axially chiral 1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diamine (BINAM) and 2-amino-2′-hydroxy-1,1′-binaphthyl (NOBIN) derivatives in high yields (up to 98%), with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98:2 e.r.) and opposite absolute configurations. The results highlight the importance of conformational dynamics of chiral catalysts in asymmetric catalysis.

Although a range of transition-metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of alkenes and alkynes have been developed to produce valuable conjugated dienes, extension of these reactions to iridium catalysis has yet to be demonstrated. The first iridium-catalyzed alkene−alkyne cross-coupling reactions have been realized under ligand-and additive-free conditions. A wide range of acrylamides and alkynes could be used as coupling partners, providing branched (Z,Z)butadiene skeletons with excellent site-and stereoselectivities. The utility of this approach is also demonstrated by preparative-scale and C−H functionalization of perillic and artemisic amides.

Artificial intelligence technology is widely used in the field of education, and the development of children’s Chinese reading field is increasingly mature. Using the boundary awareness of AI algorithm for reference, the Chinese reading class should also awaken the boundary awareness of Chinese subject. In the AI algorithm, only the annotated data are valid data. The reading text can become effective learning materials through natural language processing only when it is “annotated” out of ability points. Through machine learning, AI constantly generates self-learning data sets based on trial-and-error feedback. The feedback mechanism, trial-and-error opportunity and Chinese teaching design are transformed into each other to build student portrait and specifically improve students’ independent Chinese learning ability. This article analyzes the application of artificial intelligence technology in the development of children’s Chinese reading services by taking the examples of [[CHECK_DOUBLEQUOT_ENT]] Small raccoon Reading” and “Jiao Jiao Reading.

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