Dismenorea menjadi gangguan menstruasi yang paling umum terjadi pada perempuan dewasa, sehingga memengaruhi kehidupan sehari-hari dan performa akademik. Dismenorea banyak dialami oleh perempuan muda pada rentang usia 18 - 25 tahun dan prevalensi dismenorea tertinggi terjadi pada mahasiswi. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan aktivitas fisik dan kualitas tidur dengan dismenorea pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran UPN “Veteran” Jakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan sampel berjumlah 70 mahasiswi. Data dianalisis dengan uji Chi-Square, uji alternatif Mann Whitney dan uji regresi logistik. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), dan Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) untuk menilai aktivitas fisik, kualitas tidur, dan derajat dismenorea. Hasil: Terdapat hubungan antara aktivitas fisik (p = 0,002) dan kualitas tidur (p = 0,004) dengan dismenorea pada mahasiswi Fakultas Kedokteran UPN “Veteran” Jakarta. Simpulan: Aktivitas fisik dan kualitas tidur memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan dismenorea. Kualitas tidur memiliki hubungan yang lebih kuat dengan dismenorea.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is metabolic disease characterized hyperglicemia caused by abnormalities of insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, or both of them. Persistent hyperglicemia can trigger the production of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can cause glomerular hypertrophy. Coriander seed extract has the potential to overcome oxidative stress. This study aims to determine the effect of coriander seed extract to kidney histopathological examination, blood cholesterol, and blood sugar level in hypercholestrolemia diabetic rats. Samples consist of 30 males wistar rats were divided into five treatments i.e: (K1) standard feed and aquades, (K2) high-fat feed, alloxan, and glibenclamid 0,045 mg/day, (K3) high-fat feed, alloxan, and coriander seed extract 300 mg/kgBW/day, (K4) high-fat feed, alloxan, and coriander seed extract 500mg/kgBW/day, (K5) high-fat feed, alloxan, and coriander seed extract 700mg/kgBW/day. Coriander seed extract was given for 28 days. The result of Wilcoxon test showed that coriander seed extract can reduce blood cholesterol level in diabetic hypercholesterolemia, meanwhile the result of paired T-test showed that it can reduce blood sugar level. Measurement of kidney’s histopathological structure as glomerular area was analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test (p=0,001) and continued with Mann-Whitney test. Group K4 can reduce glomerular area significantly compared with group K3 and K5. In conclussion, coriander seed extract can reduce blood cholesterol, blood sugar level and effectively reduce glomerular hypertrophy at dose of 500mg/kgBW/day. Keyword : Coriandrum sativum L.; coriander seed extract; glomerular hypertrophy; blood cholesterol level; blood glucose level ABSTRAK Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan suatu penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemi yang terjadi karena kelainan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau kedua-duanya. Hiperglikemi persisten dapat memicu produksi stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatif dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hipertrofi glomerulus. Ekstrak biji ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) berpotensi mengatasi stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian esktrak biji ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) terhadap gambaran histopatologi ginjal, kadar kolesterol darah, dan kadar gula darah tikus model hiperkolesterolemia diabetes. Sebanyak 30 ekor tikus putih jantan galur wistar, dikelompokkan menjadi lima kelompok dengan perlakuan berbeda yaitu: (K1) pakan standar dan aquades, (K2) pakan tinggi lemak, aloksan, dan glibenklamid 0,045mg/hari, (K3) pakan tinggi lemak, aloksan dan ekstrak biji ketumbar 300mg/kgBB/hari, K4) pakan tinggi lemak, aloksan dan ekstrak biji ketumbar 500mg/kgBB/hari, (K5) pakan tinggi lemak, aloksan, dan ekstrak biji ketumbar 700mg/kgBB/hari. Ekstrak biji ketumbar diberikan selama 28 hari. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan ekstrak biji ketumbar dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah, sedangkan hasil uji T berpasangan menunjukkan ekstrak biji ketumbar dapat menurunkan kadar guka darah sewaktu pada tikus model hiperkolesterolemia diabetes. Histopatologi ginjal dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis didapatkan (p=0,001) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney. Pada kelompok K4 terdapat penurunan luas glomerulus yang signifikan dibanding kelompok K3 dan K5. Kesimpulannya, esktrak biji ketumbar dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah, kadar gula darah, dan pada dosis 500mg/kgBB/hari paling efektif untuk menurunkan hipertrofi gomerulus.
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) is a soft tissue sarcoma, which is difficult to distinguish from other spindle cell sarcomas. MPNST is hostile, with a high recurrence, and tends to metastasize hematogenously, especially to the lungs. A phase of the metastasis is a degradation of the extracellular matrix, where Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) plays an essential role in this process. Gelatinase-type MMP, MMP-2 and MMP-9, can degrade basal membrane and fibrillar collagen to open the invasion pathway. MMP-2 can degrade more collagen and non-collagen extracellular matrix than MMP-9. Therefore, the study aimed to see the relationship between MMP-2 overexpression and histopathological malignancy grading and other clinical prognostic variables. The study was conducted by immunohistochemical staining of MMP-2 in 39 cases, consisting of 19 cases of low-grade MPNST and 20 cases of high-grade MPNST. Subsequently, an analysis of the relationship between MMP-2 overexpression and the malignancy grading and clinical variables was performed, such as age, sex, and tumor size and location. MMP-2 overexpression was seen in 19 (95%) cases of high grade and three (15.8%) cases of low-grade MPNST (p 0.000). The study also found a significant relationship between MMP-2 overexpression and histopathology grading, which may be helpful to define the prognosis.
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