<p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><em> </em></p><p>Kalium diklofenak adalah salah satu obat golongan anti-inflamasi non steroid (AINS) yang memberikan efek samping iritasi pada saluran pencernaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan formulasi dan evaluasi sediaan dengan rute alternatif lain penggunaan kalium diklofenak melalui transdermal <em>patch. Patch </em>dibuat dengan metode penguapan pelarut. Polivinil pirolidon (PVP) digunakan sebagai polimer untuk pembentukan <em>patch </em>transdermal kalium diklofenak dengan dibutil ftalat (DBP) sebagai <em>plasticizer </em>dan mentol sebagai peningkat penetrasi. Uji <em>in vitro</em> dilakukan dengan alat difusi modifikasi <em>Franz </em>dan ditentukan dengan spektroskopi UV-sinar tampak. Kadar zat aktif, berat, ketebalan dan organoleptis dari <em>patch </em>juga ditentukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa rata-rata uji laju difusi sediaan <em>patch </em>1,3884 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> dengan persen permeasi sebesar 8,9 % selama 180 menit.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata Kunci :</strong><strong> </strong>Transdermal; <em>Patch</em>; kalium diklofenak; mentol.<strong></strong></p><p><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Formulation and Evaluation Patch Transdermal Diclofenac Potassium</em></strong></p><p align="center"><em> </em></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Diclofenac potassium is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that provides irritating side effects to the digestive tract. The purpose of this study is to formulate and evaluate preparations with alternative routes of using potassium diclofenac through the transdermal patch. </em><em>Preparation of </em><em>the matrix patches used the solvent casting method. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was used as a matrix for the formation of transdermal diclofenac potassium patches, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as the plasticizer and menthol as the permeation enhancer. The in vitro assay was carried out in a modified Franz diffusion cell and the rates of diffusion were determined by UV spectroscopy. The average drug content, thickness, organoleptic, weight uniformity of the matrix patches was also determined. The results showed that the average dosage rate of diffusion test Patch </em><em>is </em><em>1,3884 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> with permeation percentage 8,9 % for 180 minutes. </em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: </em><em>Transdermal; Patch; diclofenac potassium; menthol</em></p>
ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penelitian evaluasi penggunaan obat penyakit degeneratif di Poliklinik Spesialis Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung, dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui kerasionalan penggunaan obat yang diresepkan dan digunakan untuk kasus penyakit degeneratif yaitu penyakit Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2. Metode penelitian meliputi penelusuran pustaka, penetapan kriteria pasien dan kriteria obat, penyusunan kriteria penggunaan obat untuk penyakit Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, pengumpulan data, serta analisis data secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data diambil secara retrospektif dari data Instalasi Farmasi dan data rekaman medik selama periode 14 Januari sampai dengan 31 Mei 2013. Analisa kuantitatif dilakukan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan obat oleh pasien berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pekerjaan, agama, diagnosis, golongan obat, dan bentuk sediaan. Analisa kualitatif dilakukan untuk mengetahui ketepatan indikasi, dosis, aturan pakai, lama pengobatan; kejadian duplikasi, efek samping obat dan interaksi obat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua obat Anti Diabetes Mellitus yang digunakan tepat indikasi, terdapat 1 kasus yang kurang dosis, dan terdapat 4 aturan pakai yang kurang tepat. Lama pengobatan telah tepat, dan tidak ditemukan kejadian duplikasi pada pemberian obat. Terdapat 33 kejadian interaksi obat yang digolongkan berdasar intensitas interaksi yaitu terdiri dari 3 kejadian interaksi obat serius, 17 signifikan dan 13 minor. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlu selalu dilakukan pengkajian resep lebih mendalam, terutama pada aturan pakai obat dan interaksi obat yang terjadi pada kasus Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 dengan komplikasi dan penyakit penyerta. Kata kunci : Kerasionalan Penggunaan Obat, Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat, Diabetes MellitusTipe 2 ABSTRACTThe Drug Utilization Evaluation on degenerative diseases at Polyclinic Out Patient Specialistic Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung had been studied, with the purpose to know the rationality of the prescription and the used of medication focusing on Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 cases.The research method included study of literature, determination of patient and drug criterias, compiled of drug used criteria, data collection, and data analysis quantitatively and qualitatively. Data collected retrospectively from the drug had been taken from Pharmacy Department and patient medical record, during January 14 up to May 31 in 2013.Quantitative analysis was carried out to know the used of drug by patient based on aged, gender, education, occupation, religion, diagnosis, drug classification, and dosage form. Qualitative analysis was carried out to know the accuracy of indications, doses, administration, duration, an occurence of duplications, adverse drug reactions and drug interactions. The studied showed that all anti Diabetes Mellitus were used with correct indications and no contraindications, there was 1 case under dose, 4 cases incorrect administration. The duration of medication was correct a...
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