No abstract

Individual neurological complication caused by Herpes simplex viruses in neonates is well-known. We report neonatal Herpes encephalitis that caused multiple neurological complications in the same patient during acute phase of illness. Our patient differs from previously reported cases in the following ways: 1) Late onset neonatal presentation; 2) Development of multiple neurologic complications during acyclovir therapy; 3) Cesarean-section did not prevent perinatal transmission of Herpes simplex virus; and 4) Our patient's acute hydrocephalus was managed conservatively and he had no reoccurrence of seizure, hydrocephalus, and no motor deficits. A high degree of suspicion, timely needed supportive medical and surgical care, and prompt initiation of intravenous acyclovir offer the best chance for neurological outcome in neonates with Herpes encephalitis.

Citation Case ReportPage 31 ABSTRACTGroup A Streptococcus pyogenes meningitis rarely results in central nervous system complication. Chronic hydrocephalus is a well-known complication of bacterial meningitis. To date, no reports have focused on acute central nervous system complications and neurological outcome of Group A Streptococcus pyogenes meningitis. An unusual association of acute hydrocephalus requiring emergent neurosurgical intervention in a 6-year-old girl with Group A Streptococcus meningitis is presented. Based on reported cases since 1966, authors present the results of a comprehensive acute neurological complication and outcome. Our report highlights a need for vigilance and timely needed emergent surgical intervention in minimizing acute hydrocephalus in children with Group A Streptococcus meningitis.