Objectives To determine the radiological prevalence of frontal cells according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification in patients undergoing computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses for clinical symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis, and to examine the association between cell classification and frontal sinusitis development. Methods A total of 180 (left and right) sides of 90 patients were analysed. The prevalence of each International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cell was assessed. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the distribution of various cells in patients with and without frontal sinusitis. Results The agger nasi cell was the most commonly occurring cell, seen in 95.5 per cent of patients. The prevalence rates for supra agger cells, supra agger frontal cells, supra bullar frontal cells, supra bullar cells, supra-orbital ethmoid cells and frontal septal cells were 33.3 per cent, 22.2 per cent, 21.1 per cent, 36.1 per cent, 39.4 per cent and 21.1 per cent, respectively. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of any of the cell types in patients with frontal sinusitis compared to those without (p > 0.05). Conclusion The presence of any of the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification cells was not significantly associated with frontal sinusitis.

Introduction: Depression, anxiety, and stress among medical undergraduate students are often underrecognized and undertreated. Prolonged online classes in the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in tremendous psychological stress among students. Objective: To assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among medical students during the COVID pandemic and the associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in a medical college in Delhi. A self-administrated questionnaire, containing general information (on-screen time, death or hospitalization in family due to COVID) and the DASS-21 version, was circulated to students enrolled before 2020. Data collected was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 550 students, 345 (62.7%) participated in the study, of which 341 gave consent. High frequencies of depression 214 (62.8%), anxiety 199 (58.3%) and stress 150 (43.7%) were reported. Significant association was found between the determinants like hectic online classes and curbs on travelling and socializing. Conclusion: The high burden of depression, anxiety and stress detected among the students is a pointer towards a negative impact of online classes that can negatively impact academic performance, professionalism and empathy towards patients.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wreaked havoc all across the world, claiming numerous casualties. Managing the pandemic has resulted in the production of an unprecedented volume of biomedical waste (BMW), in the form of used personal protective equipment (PPE), diagnostic items, etc. It is a matter of utmost urgency that this BMW is treated, using newer and environmentally sustainable methods as compared to the available ones. The inadequacies of the conventional methods of bio medical waste management call for newer and sustainable alternatives for management like simple greenhouse containers, pyrolysis of polypropylene PPE, usage of silk masks, development of novel biodegradable masks, Antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy (aPDT), nano-photocatalysts, etc. These methods have numerous advantages over currently used methods like incineration, landfilling, etc., and can sustainably be used as an adjunct or an alternative to them.