No abstract

development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the narnes of the autbors and should be used and cited accordingly. The findings, interpretationis, and conclusions are the authors' ownl and should not be attributed to) the World Bank, its Executive Board of Directors, or any of its member countries.

This article contains an analysis of the effects of changes in the existing tax mix on the distribution of income in Australia. Shifts from direct to indirect taxes, similar to 'Option C' in the Government's Draft White Paper on tax reform, are considered. The general equilibrium effects of the policy changes are analysed using an extended version of the ORANI model of the Australian economy. The Shorrocks I 0 index is then used to identify the sources of inequality in the pre- and post-change distributions. The results are based on data from the ABS Income and Housing Survey for 1981-82. Copyright 1986 The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research.

The World Bank Regional and Sectoral Studies series provides an outlet for work that is relatively focused in its subject matter or geographic coverage and that contributes to the intellectual foundations of development operations and policy formulation. Some sources cited in this publication may be informal documents that are not readily available.The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.

Public housing provides subsidized shelter to approximately 300 000 families in Australia. This paper provides the first estimates of the effects of the program on die consumption pattern of participants, and of the benefits they derive from U. It also examines the distribution of benefits among participants. The effects of the public housing programs are compared with those under an alternative program of equivalent‐value, unrestricted cash grants.