Paroxetine is a potent selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor used for the treatment of depression and related mood disorders. A micellar liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of paroxetine in serum and urine. Detection of paroxetine was carried out using a C18 column and a mobile phase of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 6% 1-pentanol at pH 3 (buffer salt 0.01 M NaH2PO4) running under isocratic mode at 1.0 mL/min and electrochemical detection at 0.8 V. The analyte was eluted without interferences in <15 min. The proposed methodology was validated under the guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use in matrix in terms of specificity, linearity (r(2) > 0.9999; 0.5-5 μg/mL range), accuracy (88-97.5%, recovery), repeatability (RSD < 0.54%), intermediate precision (RSD < 0.54%), limit of detection and quantification (0.001 and 0.005 μg/mL, respectively) and robustness (RSD < 3.63%). Developed method was successfully applied to real blood and urine samples as well as in spiked serum and urine samples. The developed method was specific, rapid, precise, reliable, accurate, inexpensive and then suitable for routine analysis of paroxetine in monitorized samples.

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A simple, fast, and robust micellar LC method was developed for the separation and identification of the nonpermitted color malachite green in green pea and some ready-to-eat foodstuffs. Malachite green (4-[(4-dimethylaminophenyl) phenyl-methyl]-N,N-dimethylaniline) is a hazardous dye that is used to treat fungal and protozoan infections in fish and is a common adulterant (coloring agent) in green pea and other green vegetables because of its green color. In the present work, malachite green was determined in various foodstuffs using a direct injection technique on an RP C18 column with isocratic elution. The optimum mobile phase consisted of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 6% pentanol buffered at pH 5. Detection was carried out at 620 nm. Malachite green was eluted in 9.2 min without any interference caused by endogenous compounds. Linearities (r > 0.9999), intraday and interday precision (RSD less than 1.00%) in micellar media, and robustness were studied for method validation. LOD and LOQ were 0.10 and 0.25 ppm, respectively. The simplicity of the developed method makes it useful for routine analysis in the area of food QC.

A simple, sensitive, rapid and eco friendly micellar liquid chromatographic method was developed for the detection of banned color methyl orange in counterfeit saffron and prepared foodstuffs. Methyl orange (p-[[p-(dimethylamino) phenyl] azo] benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt) is a hazardous dye used in titration and is known to be used as common adulterant in counterfeit saffron and cooked foodstuffs like Jalebi (Indian sweet), mango shake, Namkeen (salted snacks), tomato ketchup and ice candy etc., due to its pleasant orange color. In the present work, methyl orange was detected in various food samples using direct injection micellar liquid chromatography without any pretreatment step. A C18 column with an optimum micellar mobile phase containing 0.05-M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 2 % pentanol buffered to pH 7 was used. Detection was carried out at 458 nm. The retention time was 3.7 min without showing any matrix effect. Linearity (r > 0.9999), intraday and interday precision RSD (%) was less than 1.00 in micellar media. Limit of detection and quantification was found to be 0.05 mg/kg and 0.10 mg/ kg, respectively. Robustness study was also included as a part of method validation. The developed method proved to be reliable and sensitive for determination of methyl orange in real food samples.

A novel method was developed to detect harmful colours and dyes, in spices and other edible foodstuffs.