Vitamin D is critical to bone mineral metabolism and to the growth and development of the skeleton. Optimizing vitamin D status could be one of the cornerstones to optimize skeletal growth and achieving the maximum peak bone mass soon after the completion of adolescence. Maximizing peak bone mass is considered to be the key to primary prevention of osteoporosis. There is controversy, however, about what constitutes a healthy vitamin D status based on the most abundant circulating metabolite of vitamin D, namely 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25 OHD) in plasma or serum; and even the value of 25 OHD that should be used to define vitamin D deficiency. We reviewed the recent data on circulating 25 OHD concentrations and its relationship with skeletal growth in apparently healthy children and in those with nutritional vitamin D deficiency.

An infant was born at 38 weeks' gestation. The assigned Apgar scores were 2, 3, and 5 at 1, 5, and 10 minutes, respectively. The physical examination showed hypotonia, absent gag reflex, and poor response to pain. At 9 hours after birth, the infant was noted to have a subtle seizure and bradypnea. The infant was intubated and started on anticonvulsant therapy. A brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and an electroencephalogram (EEG) were obtained. This report presents the clinical and diagnostic dilemma that is typically associated with decisions needed for treatment with therapeutic hypothermia (TH).

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We report a rare association of interstitial deletion of 5p15.2-p13.3 with situs inversus, dextrocardia, L-loop of the ventricles, and transposition of great arteries: [I, L, L] Transposition of Great Arteries. We did not find such an association reported in the medical literature.

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