Using a discrete choice experiment, this paper estimates the willingness to pay for biofortified orange maize in rural Zambia. The study design has five treatment arms, which enable an analysis of the impact of nutrition information, comparing the use of simulated radio versus community leaders in transmitting the nutrition message, on willingness to pay, and to account for possible novelty effects in the magnitude of premiums or discounts. The estimation strategy also takes into account lexicographic preferences of a subset of our respondents. The results suggest that (a) orange maize is not confused with yellow maize, and has the potential to compete with white maize in the absence of a nutrition campaign, (b) there is a premium for orange maize with nutrition information, and (c) different modes of nutritional message dissemination have the same impact on consumer acceptance.

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Despite growing policy commitment and decades of extensive research, nutritional deficiencies remain a key challenge for health systems worldwide. In addition to causing significant personal costs for those affected, indirect effects, such as reduced overall human capital accumulation or losses in labor productivity, can impose substantial obstacles for the achievement of economic development goals. This review provides an overview of the impact of key interventions aiming to improve nutritional intake in order to reach better physical health and cognitive outcomes among children in developing countries. We argue that, although promising interventions exist, malnutrition is a complex problem, likely requiring a stronger focus on multifactorial approaches. Moreover, more research is necessary to maximize compliance and sustainability if interventions are to successfully transform into large-scale policy programs. We further discuss the emerging double burden of malnutrition as a key challenge for policy makers in resource-poor settings. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Resource Economics, Volume 12 is October 5, 2020. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

ZusammenfassungDie in Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem Einkommen (LMICs) vorherrschenden Bedingungen, zum Beispiel ein schlechter Gesundheitszustand der Bevölkerung und eine unzureichende Gesundheitsinfrastruktur, können dort enorme menschliche und wirtschaftliche Schäden eines Covid-19-Ausbruchs hervorrufen. Aus diesem Grund haben LMICs mehrere präventive Maßnahmen ergriffen und folgen dabei häufig der Politik von Ländern mit hohem Einkommen. Unterschiede in der Zusammensetzung der Erwerbsbevölkerung, im Zugang zu sozialer Sicherheit und in den Lebensbedingungen könnten jedoch bedeuten, dass diese Maßnahmen für LMICs nicht geeignet sind. Nitya Mittal, Rupa Viswanath und Sebastian Vollmer untersuchen die in LMICs vorherrschenden Bedingungen, die sich auf die Morbidität und Mortalität im Zuge eines Covid-19-Ausbruchs auswirken könnten, und erörtern die Eignung der weit verbreiteten Präventionsmaßnahmen für LMICs.