The main focus of this study is foreign direct investment (FDI), which (through its direct and indirect contributions) can serve as the main driving force behind enterprise restructuring in particular and the economic restructuring of countries in general. The study will examine countries in Southeastern Europe (SEE) — Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro, Serbia, North Macedonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina — during the period 2005–2020. The techniques used to analyse the data include the regression model, the DW test, and (for multicollinearity between the variables) the VIF test. The study finds a positive and significant relationship between economic growth and FDI flow in some countries. In Kosovo and Bosnia and Herzegovina, however, such investment does not have a positive impact on economic growth.