Foods containing protein-derived melanoidins may be an alternative to antibiotic-based therapy to prevent H. pylori that combines safety, ease of administration and efficacy.

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The bacteriological and histopathological changes in the ceca of young chickens after being infected with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella were investigated. Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria showed remarkable decrease in number on the 5th day after infection, when shizont and gametocyate came to appear, and destruction of mucosa along with severe haemorrhaging was noticed. Other predominant bacteria like bacteroidaceae, catenabacteria and peptostreptococci showed only moderate and temporal decrease in number during the infection. Clostridium perfringens prolifereated after the 5th day post infection following the decline of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. Proliferation of clostridia was so intense that the number was almost million times greater than that of the uninfected chicken at its peak on the 7th day after infection. Enterobacteria also showed a moderate but persistent increase in number. Most bacteria came to the normal population on the 10th day after infection. As for lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, clostridia and enterobacteria, the disturbances were still noticeable on the 17th day after injection. Antagonism between proliferated bacteria (clostridia and enterobacteria) and lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli and bifidobacteria) whose intensity is suppose to be related to the cecal mucosa is suggested during cecal coccidiosis in chickens.

Hydrolyzate of wheat bran hemicellulose was demonstrated to stimulate significantly the growth of bifidobacteria in the ceca of Wistar rats and ICR mice fed the purified diets including the hydrolyzate at 2.5% and 5.0% for 4 weeks. In contrast, Enterobacteriaceae, viridans streptococci, and staphylococci were decreased in numbers, especially at 5.0% level of the hydrolyzate. Lactobacilli were slightly increased in numbers, but not significantly, in mice. No significant changes were found in the numbers of the other examined microbes. The cecal concentrations of total short-chain fatty acids and acetic and propionic acids increased remarkably in both the animals in proportion to the rate of the hemicellulose hyrolyzate contained in the diets while those of iso-butyric and iso-valeric acids decreased. The butyric acid concentration increased in mice but not in rats. The cecal pH values were inversely proportional to the total concentrations of short-chain fatty acids.

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