The findings of this study suggest that a group jogging exercise may be effective in improving depressive state, hormonal response to stress and physiological fitness of adolescent females with depressive symptoms.

Abstract-Previous works have shown that exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise is a valid risk marker for future hypertension, yet the use of an exercise test as a means of early prediction of hypertension still requires methodological development and confirmation. The purpose of this study was to determine abnormal ranges of blood pressure responses in relation to heart rate increase during exercise and to examine the clinical utility of exercise blood pressure measurement in evaluating individual risk for developing hypertension. We examined exercise test data from a population-based sample of 1033 nonmedicated normotensive men (mean age, 42.9Ϯ8.5 years; range, 20 to 59 years). Percentile curves of systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses to relative heart rate increments during submaximal exercise were constructed using a third-order polynomial model with multiple regression analysis. Of the original study sample, a cohort of 726 subjects was followed for hypertensive outcome for an average period of 4.7 years. Progression to hypertension, defined as a blood pressure of Ն140/90 mm Hg or the initiation of antihypertensive therapy, was found in 114 subjects (15.4%). Kaplan-Meier survival estimates showed that the cumulative incidence of hypertension increased progressively with higher percentiles of systolic and diastolic blood pressure response (both, PϽ0.01). A Cox proportional survival analysis revealed a significantly increased risk for developing hypertension associated with exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise after multivariable adjustments for traditional risk factors (relative risk, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 2.3 to 6.1). These results suggest that an exaggerated blood pressure response to heart rate during exercise is predictive of future hypertension independent of other important risk factors and lend further support to the concept that blood pressure measurement during exercise test is a valuable means of identifying normotensive individuals at high risk for developing hypertension.

The aim of this research was to understand hot working environment at a construction site in summer and its effects on health of workers. In the subjective construction site, some measures, such as taking a break during work, setting tents and electric fans, and drinking cool water, had already been taken to reduce heat stress. Twelve male workers were examined. The WBGT outdoors during work varied from 23 to 34°C. The time-motion study revealed that one subject worked exceeding 7 hours, and that the other one had little rest time and drank little water during work. Few items of subjective symptoms increased after work compared with before work. In blood chemical data, electrolytes and blood urea nitrogen did not change. Blood sugar before work was significantly higher than before lunch and after work. Two subjects showed serum osmotic pressures increased after work. Two had the tendency to increase the blood pressure during work. The measures seemed effective, because the effects of work were not remarkable in general. However, some problems were still pointed out. Thus, stricter work control and health care for workers are necessary, such as controlling working hours strictly and monitoring the water intake during work.

Measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is recognized as a simple and practical method for assessing arterial stiffness. We determined whether the baPWV of adolescents is affected by obesity and its associated metabolic risk variables. A cross-sectional sample of 754 apparently healthy adolescents (383 men and 371 women), aged 15-17 years, was recruited for this study. baPWV was measured by a simple automatic oscillometric technique. Adiposity measures, blood pressure, serum lipoproteins, fasting glucose and insulin were evaluated. The baPWV of the adolescents was significantly higher in men than in women and increased with age in both genders. After being statistically adjusted for age and gender, baPWV was significantly correlated with body mass index, percent body fat, waistto-height ratio, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, mean arterial pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), atherogenic index, glucose, insulin, and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In the multivariate regression analysis, mean arterial pressure, atherogenic index, HOMA-IR, systolic blood pressure and age were found to be significant determinants of baPWV (Po0.001). An increasing number of clustered risk variables, including high values (4gender-specific top quartiles) of waist-toheight ratio, mean arterial pressure, atherogenic index and HOMA-IR showed a graded association with baPWV (Po0.001 for trend). These results suggest that obesity and its associated metabolic abnormalities are important factors in the increased baPWV of adolescents and that baPWV may be useful in investigating early arterial wall changes in this population.