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It is not easy for students to understand the questions in the form of stories so that errors often occur in the process of solving problems. This study aims to describe the factors that cause vocational students' errors in solving story problems based on Anne Newman. This research is a qualitative research. The instrument used in this research is a test which consists of 3 questions and an interview guide. The subjects in this study were students of class XII TKJ SMK Patria Gadingrejo. Analysis of the data using the analysis of the location of student errors based on Anne Newman's procedure, namely a) reading the problem, understanding the problem, b) transforming the problem, c) process skills, and d) writing the final answer. The factors that cause student errors at each stage are: 1) misunderstood the problem, the cause of which is the lack of understanding and thoroughness of students; 2) problem transformation errors, the reason is that students do not master the concept and do not have mastery of the material; 3) process skill errors, the cause of which students are wrong in doing the initial steps of work; 4) errors in writing the final answer, the reason is that students are not accustomed to writing conclusions.

The culture was carefully associated with regular lifestyles, such as inside the discipline of education. However, there needs to be awareness among school members of the absorption of the culture around them through learning, especially mathematics. Therefore, this study aims to explore the geometric contents in the form of geometric transformations and the values of local batik Indonesia. This study was a qualitative study with an ethnographic approach. The techniques used in this study are observation, literature review, and interviews with Lampung cultural and batik craftsmen. Observations were made by observing batik activities and Lampung batik motifs and conducting interviews to find the mathematical and philosophical elements contained in them. The data were then completed and checked for correctness based on the results from the literature review. The outcomes of this observation imply that the human beings of Lampung utilize the idea of geometric transformation in making batik motifs, which include the Siger motif, pohon hayat motif, and kapal motif. The idea of geometric transformation used is reflection, dilation, and translation. Thus, this research can be a reference for learning mathematics and exploring other Lampung batiks motifs.

The research problem is the low mathematical ability of students in arithmetic operations. The research is included in Research And Development (R&D) with modified 4D development procedures. The purpose of this research is to develop a suitable and effective Paper Math product as a learning medium. The research subjects were seventh-grade students of SMP N 4 Pringsewu. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling. The research instrument consisted of a validation sheet, a student response sheet, and an arithmetic operation ability test. Based on the results of expert validation, it was obtained that the Paper Math media had very decent criteria and very good student responses, and the t-test was obtained that the average student learning outcomes using Paper Math media were higher than the average student learning outcomes who did not use the media. Paper Math. It is concluded that Paper Math is feasible and effective to be used as a medium to improve mathematical ability in arithmetic operations. Thus, it is hoped that paper math media can be used as a medium for math games to improve students' arithmetic operations ability.

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