Objectives There is growing evidence of neurological involvement of SARS-CoV-2 in some otoneurological subjective symptoms such as balance disorders. The aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence of equilibrium disorders such as dizziness and vertigo in a sample of COVID-19 patients after recovery. The effect of COVID-19 on the vestibular system and the correlation between the severity of the infection and the effect on the vestibular system was investigated. Methods Twenty Post COVID-19 subjects after complete cure who complain of dizziness were subjected to full history taking, Otological examination, Pure tone audiometry, and Videonystagmography test. Results Half of the patients have a history of the sense of imbalance attacks and most patients showed positional nystagmus followed by caloric weakness. Half of the patients that had a history of severe COVID-19 disease have a symmetrical caloric response. However, two-thirds with a history of either mild or moderate degree COVID-19 had asymmetrical caloric response with a significant difference between the incidence in severe versus mild and moderate degrees reflecting a significant association between the severity of the disease and the caloric asymmetry. Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 virus can affect different parts of the vestibular system.

Background: Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a specific learning disability manifested by difficulties in learning to read and write despite of having adequate cognitive ability, motivation, access to instruction and intact peripheral sensory mechanisms. Dyslexia affects about 5%-10% of the child population. Aim of the work:Evaluate the effect of computer-based remediation program on dichotic listening ability in dyslexic children. Patients and Method: Study population included 30 dyslexic children who received central auditory training on dichotic listening ability 2sessions/week for 8 weeks, each session lasted for 30 minutes for two months. Each child underwent: Full history taking, Modified Arabic Dyslexic Screening Test (MADST) and Basic audiological evaluation. Central auditory processing questionnaire for children and Arabic Dichotic Digit test (DDT) were done pre-and postremediation program. Results: Using the DDT, 90% of study population had dichotic listening deficit. Central auditory questionnaire showed all abilities were affected and mostly affected abilities were attention, scholastic achievement and behavior. Central auditory questionnaire pre-& post-remediation results revealed subjective improvement following Dichotic listening remediation on dyslexic children. DDT pre& post remediation results relieved significant improvement following dichotic listening remediation program. Conclusion: Remediation of dichotic listening ability had effect on dyslexic children and this was obvious on Dichotic digit test pre & post-remediation program. Subjective improvement measured by pre& post remediation results of central auditory questionnaire of children was mostly in attention, memory and scholastic achievement.

Background Elderly patients frequently suffer from problems in speech discrimination especially in noisy situation, and they also have several problems from using amplifications devices especially binaural amplification. This necessitates the need for central auditory evaluation in association of peripheral auditory evaluation. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of aging on dichotic listening performance. This was a case-control study conducted at the Audiology Unit, ENT Department. Participant were 46 individuals within the age range of 60 to 89 years with no history of neurological disorder or cognitive impairment, and all the participants were of high social class. Forty-five adult individuals (control group) with the age range 32–57 years, with no history of neurological disorders. Both cases and control groups were subjected to otological examination, immittancemetry, puretone audiometry, speech audiometry, and central auditory processing assessment by the use of central questionnaire for elderly and dichotic digits (version II) test. Results The elderly group scored significantly depressed scores of dichotic digits’ test, especially in the left ear than in the adult group. Conclusion Dichotic listening ability was significantly affected in elderly patients.

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Background: Older people develop gait and balance dysfunction that is associated with gradual onset of cerebral white matter disease. The term cerebral small vessel disease refers to a group of pathological processes with various etiologies that affect the small arteries, arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the brain. White matter disease is easily detected by neuroimaging, whereas small vessels are not, hence the term small vessel disease is frequently used to describe the parenchyma lesions rather than the underlying small vessel alterations. Aim of the work:To investigate the relationship between presence and/or absence of white matter disease identified on magnetic resonance imaging with the vestibular findings in elderly patients with dizziness.